The Approach of the Albanian Reality to Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities. The ways in which autism, culture and the education system interact have not yet been explored sufficiently, even more so when it comes to Albania. Through literature reviews, interviews, and case studies we aim to further investigate how autism is assessed and treated within the Albanian school system and how culture can affect the parent-teacher-child triangle. We also investigate the implementation of laws and policies regarding inclusive education, and its benefits to autistic individuals, specifically in the development of social skills that further help them to integrate into society. We also try to figure out the difficulties autistic individuals face within the school system and in their day-to-day life in Albania, as well as how Autism Spectrum Disorder affects the families of these individuals. This qualitative study found that the reality in Albania is not supportive enough towards autistic individuals. With further research into the field, we might be able to back this statement up with empirical data as well as figure out how this condition can be improved.