To Analyze Patients of Post-cholecystectomy Symptoms after Cholecystectomy

Introduction: Post-cholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) comprises a group of abdominal symptoms that occur after cholecystectomy. Post- cholecystectomy syndrome is defined as a group of heterogeneous symptoms. It consists of upper abdominal pain, vomiting, and dyspepsia, which occur after cholecystectomy. Although this term is not accurate, it comprises biliary and non-biliary disorders, possibly not related to cholecystectomy. Aim: To analyze the clinical evaluation for post-cholecystectomy symptoms. Objectives: To identify the causes for post-cholecystectomy symptoms. To identify preoperative factors (h/o endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), attacks of cholecystitis) associated with post-cholecystectomy symptoms. Materials and methods: A prospective clinical hospital-based study was done on 100 patients at a tertiary care referral hospital in the department of general surgery. All cases of post-cholecystectomy who had clinical symptoms of PCS cases in which follow-up ultrasonography (USG) and liver function test (LFT) were done. Results: In our study, 100 patients were taken who developed PCS after cholecystectomy. Among all patients, 16% patients developed PCS due to biliary etiology. Among 16% of patients, the most common cause is recurrent common bile duct (CBD) stone (6%) and the second most common cause is retained CBD stone (3%) and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (3%). Discussion: This analysis provides a qualitative overview of etiologies of abdominal symptoms after cholecystectomy. Based on the etiologies of persistent and incident symptoms after cholecystectomy provided in this review, we identified the cause of long-term symptoms after cholecystectomy. Conclusion: In our study, PCS developed mainly due to non-biliary etiology considered 84% and biliary etiology considered only 16%. Female has a higher risk to developing post-cholecystectomy symptoms compared to male after cholecystectomy.