卫生政策分析的最终用途——以尼日利亚降低产妇死亡率为例

F. Okonofua, L. Omo-Aghoja
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引用次数: 2

摘要

尼日利亚目前是发展中世界产妇死亡率最高的国家之一。作为减少产妇死亡率努力的一部分,尼日利亚联邦卫生部制定了关于性健康和生殖健康、卫生部门改革和安全孕产的政策。然而,这些政策的实际执行并不成功,导致该国的产妇死亡率居高不下。造成这种状况的部分原因包括不安全堕胎、青少年性行为和早婚等问题未列入政策制定进程。第二,虽然MM主要是由贫穷和不发达推动的,但人们对这种相互关系的了解非常少,很少注意解决影响MM的各种多部门问题。第三,缺乏一个认真和有组织的政策网络来推动政策执行进程,这确保了卫生政策从未在可持续的水平上得到执行。然而,有一些证据表明,尼日利亚对安全孕产的政治意愿最近有所增强,正在努力将这一问题作为一个重大的发展和公共卫生问题予以优先考虑。令人失望的是,在实际执行与减少产妇死亡率有关的卫生政策方面仍然存在重大挑战。我们认为,战略宣传和公共卫生教育、改进政策网络的协调以及利用人权和性别分析框架,将确保更好地利用政策分析来减少尼日利亚的产妇死亡率。关键词:最终用途;卫生政策分析;降低孕产妇死亡率
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
End-use of health policy analysis – the case of maternal mortality reduction in Nigeria
Nigeria presently has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality (MM) in the developing world. As part of efforts to reduce her MM, Nigeria's Federal Ministry of Health has formulated policies on sexual and reproductive health, health sector reform and safe motherhood. However, actual implementations of these policies have been less successful, resulting in persisting high rates ofMMin the country. Part of the reasons for this state of affairs includes the non-inclusion in the policy development process, of issues such as unsafe abortion, adolescent sexuality and early marriage. Secondly, although MM is largely driven by poverty and under-development, there is very poor understanding of this inter-relationship, with little attention given to addressing the various multisectorial issues that impact on MM. Thirdly, the lack of a conscientious and organized policy network to drive the process of policy implementation has ensured that health policies have never been implemented at a sustainable level. However, there is some evidence that political will for safe motherhood has recently increased in Nigeria, with efforts being given to prioritizing the problem as a major developmental and public health issue. Disappointingly, major challenges still remain in the actual implementation of health policies relating to the reduction of MM. We believe that strategic advocacy and public health education, improved coordination of policy networks and the use of the human rights and gender analysis frameworks will ensure better use of policy analysis for the reduction of MM in Nigeria. Key words End-use, health policy analysis, maternal mortality reduction, Nigeria
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