Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of transparent Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)1−x−yZrxTiyO3 ceramics prepared by hot isostatic pressing

The dielectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric and optical properties of transparent Pb(Ni_1–3Nb_2/3)_1−x−yZr_xTi_yO₃ (PNNZT) ceramics have been investigated. Hot isostatic pressing was used to achieve uniformly transparent ceramics with optical transmittance of more than 5% at 633 nm. The room temperature dielectric constant of 4200 and a loss of ∼0.025 were measured on these samples. Large electromechanical coupling factors, k_p=69%, k₃₁=43%, k_t=56%, and k₃₃∼80%, and large pyroelectric coefficients, 0.2075 μC/cm² K at room temperature and 2.3819 μC/cm² K at 129°C, were observed for poled ceramics. Transparent PNNZT ceramics could be promising candidates for many applications such as electrooptics, pyrooptics, and electromechanical transducers/sensors.