Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: the current state of the issue

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a rare disease characterized by the appearance of anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies and subsequent destruction of red blood cells by cells of the immune system. The destruction mechanisms of erythrocytes loaded with autoantibodies are well studied; however, the initial mechanisms that trigger the production of antibodies to own erythrocytes antigens remain unclear. In the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, an important role is played by impaired immunological tolerance, in which T-lymphocytes play a key role. The study of T-lymphocytes subpopulation in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia by flow cytometry can provide valuable information for studying the disease pathogenesis and developing new approaches to its treatment.