运动和生物加工豆粕饲料对虹鳟鱼养殖的影响

J. Voorhees, M. E. Barnes, S. Chipps, Michael L. Brown
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引用次数: 9

摘要

鱼类饲料中需要替代鱼粉的蛋白质来源。对成年虹鳟鱼(Oncorhynchus mykiss)(初始体重139.0±1.5 g,体长232.9±0.8 mm,平均±SE)饲喂两种等氮等热量饲料(46%蛋白质,16%脂肪)中的一种,并在两种运动水平(3.6 cm/s或33.2 cm/s)中的一种下饲养,评估其饲养性能。对照组饮食中的蛋白质以鱼粉为基础。在试验饲料中,生物加工豆粕替代了约60%的鱼粉。鱼每天用手喂一次,直到接近饱腹,然后每天增加食物。试验期90 d。饲粮处理之间的增重、增重百分比或特定生长率无显著差异。然而,60%生物加工豆粕饲粮的采食量和饲料系数显著降低。两种饲料的肠道形态、相对鳍长、脾体指数、肝体指数和内脏体指数均无显著差异。饲料转化率(1.02±0.02)显著低于饲料转化率(1.13±0.02),饲料转化率(1.02±0.02)显著低于饲料转化率(1.13±0.02)。然而,在增重、增重百分比、特定生长率或死亡率方面,有或没有运动的鱼没有显著差异。饮食和运动之间没有显著的相互作用(更高的水流速)。根据这些结果,成年虹鳟鱼饲料中至少60%的鱼粉可以用生物加工豆粕代替,即使使用更高的水流速来锻炼鱼。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Exercise and Bioprocessed Soybean Meal Diets during Rainbow Trout Rearing
Alternative protein sources to fishmeal in fish feeds are needed. Evaluate rearing performance of adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (initial weight 139.0 ±1.5 g, length 232.9 ± 0.8 mm, mean ± SE) fed one of the two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid) and reared at one of the two levels of exercise (water velocities of either 3.6 cm/s or 33.2 cm/s). Protein in the control diet was based on fishmeal. In the experimental diet, bioprocessed soybean meal replaced approximately 60% of the fishmeal. Fish were fed by hand once-per-day to near satiation, and the food was increased daily. The experiment lasted 90-days. There were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, or specific growth rate between the dietary treatments. However, the amount of food fed and feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the 60% bioprocessed soybean meal diet. Intestinal morphology, relative fin length, splenosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index were not significantly different in the trout fed either diet. Fish reared at 3.6 cm/s had a significantly lower feed conversion ratio (1.02 ± 0.02) than fish reared at 33.2 cm/s (1.13 ± 0.02). However, there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, specific growth rate, or percentage mortality in fish reared with or without exercise. No significant interactions were observed between diet and exercise (higher water velocity). Based on these results, at least 60% of the fishmeal in adult rainbow trout diets can be replaced by bioprocessed soybean meal, even if higher water velocities are used to exercise the fish.
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