Biological features of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (a literature review)

Modern chemistry of 1,2,4-triazoles is in need of the search for more rational ways of synthesizing biologically active substances. To date, a number of attractive alternatives to the classical methods for the synthesis of potentially biologically active derivatives among 1,2,4-triazoles are known. The above mentioned compounds demonstrate antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral activity, etc. Based on the results of literary sources generalization, a promising direction of scientific research was chosen. The aim of this work is to determine the direction of modern organic synthesis, clearly indicating the possibility of various chemical modeling of 1,2,4-triazoles and the peculiarities of using their derivatives. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the work: synthetic, analytical, information retrieval, descriptive, generalization. The materials for the study comprised literary sources containing information on the relevance and prospects for further chemical modeling of 1,2,4-triazole. Results. A search, analysis and generalization of attractive alternatives to classical methods for the synthesis of potentially biologically active derivatives among 1,2,4-triazoles was carried out. Based on the study of a large amount of information and patent search over the past 10 years, about 700 sources of information have been found. They highlight the work of scientific teams from around the world devoted to screening studies of the antibacterial activity of new 3-aryl-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles and tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide; search for a number of new compounds among 4,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with pronounced antibacterial activity against S. aureus and antifungal activity against Candida albicans; identification of new candidates among thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazol-5(6H)-one molecules with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity; bringing moderate antimicrobial and fairly high antifungal activity of the above compounds. Conclusions. Processing, elements of systematization, comparison and generalization of modern information sources indicate rather high rates of biological activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.