{"title":"铌在氢氟酸水溶液中的行为","authors":"A. Bliznyuk, V. Kozin","doi":"10.33609/2708-129x.87.08.2021.116-126","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to the unique combination of physicochemical properties, niobium and its compounds are widely used in various fields of science and technology. The main areas of niobium’s applications are the production of superconductors, nuclear energy, chemical engineering, metallurgy, manufacture of optically active materials, thin-film lithium batteries, fuel cells. The aim of this work is to study the processes that take place on the niobium electrode in aqueous solutions of hydrofluoric acid, as well as to establish the composition of niobium compounds that are formed. The paper presents the results of studies the behavior of the niobium electrode in aqueous solutions 0.25 N. hydrofluoric acid. The kinetic parameters of the processes occurring at the phase boundary are determined. It was found that the anodic polarization of the niobium electrode is accompanied by the formation of a passive layer, the destruction of which is facilitated by increasing the polarization potential and fluorine anions, in the presence of which complex fluoroiobate anions [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2-are formed. Cathodic polarization of niobium is accompanied by the formation of hydrides on its surface, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution. The anodic polarization of the niobium electrode in a solution of hydrofluoric acid causes the formation on its surface of a passive layer, which is destroyed with increasing potential. \nIn the Nbo–NbO2–0.25 –0.25 n HF system, [NbF7]2-anions are formed, as evidenced by bands in the region of 500 nm on the electron absorption spectra. The rate constants of [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2- formation are estimated at 3.78 • 10-3 s-1 and 5.18 • 10-3 s-1, respectively. \nThe reduction of hydrogen at the niobium cathode from a solution of hydrofluoric acid is accompanied by the formation of hydrides, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution and high values of the angular coefficients of the Tafel dependence.","PeriodicalId":23394,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Chemistry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"NIOBIUM’S BEHAVIOR IN AQUEOUS HYDROFLUORIC ACID SOLUTION\",\"authors\":\"A. Bliznyuk, V. 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It was found that the anodic polarization of the niobium electrode is accompanied by the formation of a passive layer, the destruction of which is facilitated by increasing the polarization potential and fluorine anions, in the presence of which complex fluoroiobate anions [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2-are formed. Cathodic polarization of niobium is accompanied by the formation of hydrides on its surface, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution. The anodic polarization of the niobium electrode in a solution of hydrofluoric acid causes the formation on its surface of a passive layer, which is destroyed with increasing potential. \\nIn the Nbo–NbO2–0.25 –0.25 n HF system, [NbF7]2-anions are formed, as evidenced by bands in the region of 500 nm on the electron absorption spectra. The rate constants of [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2- formation are estimated at 3.78 • 10-3 s-1 and 5.18 • 10-3 s-1, respectively. \\nThe reduction of hydrogen at the niobium cathode from a solution of hydrofluoric acid is accompanied by the formation of hydrides, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution and high values of the angular coefficients of the Tafel dependence.\",\"PeriodicalId\":23394,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ukrainian Chemistry Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-09-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ukrainian Chemistry Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.87.08.2021.116-126\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ukrainian Chemistry Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.87.08.2021.116-126","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
由于其独特的物理化学组合性质,铌及其化合物被广泛应用于各个科学技术领域。铌的主要应用领域是生产超导体、核能、化学工程、冶金、制造光学活性材料、薄膜锂电池、燃料电池。这项工作的目的是研究在氢氟酸水溶液中铌电极上发生的过程,以及确定形成的铌化合物的组成。本文介绍了铌电极在0.25 N.氢氟酸水溶液中的性能研究结果。确定了在相边界处发生的过程的动力学参数。研究发现,铌电极的阳极极化过程伴随着钝化层的形成,增加极化电位和氟离子有利于钝化层的破坏,在钝化层中形成了配合的氟酸盐阴离子[NbF7]2-和[NbOF5]2-。铌的阴极极化伴随着其表面氢化物的形成,导致析氢过电压升高。铌电极在氢氟酸溶液中的阳极极化导致其表面形成钝化层,该钝化层随着电位的增加而被破坏。在Nbo-NbO2-0.25 -0.25 n HF体系中,形成了[NbF7]2阴离子,电子吸收光谱显示在500 nm区域。[nbof7]2-和[NbOF5]2-的形成速率常数分别为3.78•10-3 s-1和5.18•10-3 s-1。氢氟酸溶液在铌阴极还原氢的同时,氢化物的形成导致析氢过电压的增加和塔菲尔依赖角系数的高值。
NIOBIUM’S BEHAVIOR IN AQUEOUS HYDROFLUORIC ACID SOLUTION
Thanks to the unique combination of physicochemical properties, niobium and its compounds are widely used in various fields of science and technology. The main areas of niobium’s applications are the production of superconductors, nuclear energy, chemical engineering, metallurgy, manufacture of optically active materials, thin-film lithium batteries, fuel cells. The aim of this work is to study the processes that take place on the niobium electrode in aqueous solutions of hydrofluoric acid, as well as to establish the composition of niobium compounds that are formed. The paper presents the results of studies the behavior of the niobium electrode in aqueous solutions 0.25 N. hydrofluoric acid. The kinetic parameters of the processes occurring at the phase boundary are determined. It was found that the anodic polarization of the niobium electrode is accompanied by the formation of a passive layer, the destruction of which is facilitated by increasing the polarization potential and fluorine anions, in the presence of which complex fluoroiobate anions [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2-are formed. Cathodic polarization of niobium is accompanied by the formation of hydrides on its surface, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution. The anodic polarization of the niobium electrode in a solution of hydrofluoric acid causes the formation on its surface of a passive layer, which is destroyed with increasing potential.
In the Nbo–NbO2–0.25 –0.25 n HF system, [NbF7]2-anions are formed, as evidenced by bands in the region of 500 nm on the electron absorption spectra. The rate constants of [NbF7]2- and [NbOF5]2- formation are estimated at 3.78 • 10-3 s-1 and 5.18 • 10-3 s-1, respectively.
The reduction of hydrogen at the niobium cathode from a solution of hydrofluoric acid is accompanied by the formation of hydrides, which causes an increase in the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution and high values of the angular coefficients of the Tafel dependence.