黑麦不同经营方式对玉米作物氮钾综合施肥策略研究

André Brugnara Soares, Tangriani Simioni Assmann, Regis Luis Missio, Igor Kieling Severo, Jaqueline Beatris Zanella, Luryan Tairini Kagimura, M. Arenhardt
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摘要

本研究旨在评价黑麦作物钾肥和氮肥倒置水平对玉米作物产量的影响。实验设计为随机区组设计,分3次重复。处理为4种氮肥、4种钾肥和2种燕麦作物管理(饲料和覆盖作物)。策略包括冬季(燕麦)和夏季(玉米)分别施用氮(200-0;150 - 50;50 - 150;0-200 kg N ha-1)和钾(80-0;60-20;20;0-80 kg kha -1)。我们评估了燕麦的形态、籽粒生产力、叶绿素含量和抗光能力,用于饲料生产和地被覆盖,以及玉米的产量组成和生产力。作为饲料处理的燕麦产量较高,但剩余生物量、冠层高度、伸分蘖长、倒伏指数、辐射截留量、叶绿素A和总含量较低。牧草施氮时,燕麦作物的光截获量较高。对玉米作物而言,部分施氮于黑燕麦,其余施氮于玉米行作物,使茎秆直径增大。施肥策略对系统中两种作物均无显著影响,说明在冬季对两种作物的预测N和K量进行反转或全部施用是可能的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nitrogen and potassium fertilization strategies in integrated systems in different black oat management on corn crop
This study aimed to evaluate levels of potassium and nitrogen fertilizer inversion in the black oat crop on corn crop yields. The experimental design was a randomized block design with subdivided plots with three repetitions. The treatments were four nitrogen fertilization strategies, four potassium fertilization strategies, and two oat crop managements (forage and cover crop). The strategies involved winter (oats) and summer (corn) application, respectively, with the following combinations of nitrogen (200-0; 150-50; 50-150; 0-200 kg N ha-1) and potassium (80-0; 60-20; 20-60; 0-80 kg K ha-1). We evaluated the morphological aspects, grain productivity, chlorophyll contents, and light interception of oats for forage production and ground cover, and for corn the yield components and productivity. Oats managed as forage showed higher forage mass production but lower values of residual biomass, canopy height, extended tiller length, lodging index, radiation interception, and oat chlorophyll A and total. Light interception in the oat crop was higher when nitrogen was applied in the pasture. For the corn crop, nitrogen applied partially on black oat and the remaining on corn row crop increases stalk diameter. Fertilization strategies showed no significant effect on both crops in the system, indicating that it is possible to reverse or apply the entire amount of N and K predicted for the two crops in winter.
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