Study of histopathological spectrum of thyroidectomy specimens and their correlation with age and gender

Background: Goiter is defined as the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This might be diffuse in nature nodular or multi-nodular. We planned a retrospective study of 100 histopathologically diagnosed thyroidectomy specimens and evaluated their frequency in relation to age and sex of the patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pathology at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur city. The material included 100 thyroidectomy specimens. In case of thyroidectomy specimens, multiple sections were made up to thickness of 3 to 5 mm. The slice in which tumor appears closest to the resection margin was submitted entirely after dividing into adequate number of sections. All the lesions were grouped into benign and malignant lesions and were correlated to Age and Gender. Histomorphological evaluation of thyroidectomy lesions was done thoroughly to plan a better management of malignant lesions. Results: The female: male ratio of 4.2:1. The mean age of patients with thyroid diseases was 40.3 years and the peak incidence (34%) seen in the age group of 31- 40 years. Non-neoplastic cases accounted for 51% of the cases and neoplastic cases accounted for 49% of the cases. Conclusion: The thyroid gland may be affected with various disorders. Thyroidectomy may have both therapeutic and diagnostic value. Non- neoplastic disorders are more common. Females accounted for 81% of patients with thyroid lesions and the incidence peaked at third to fourth decade. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent thyroid cancer and follicular adenoma was the common benign tumor