一种语言怎么会有双被动语态却没有反被动语态呢?

IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Furkan Dikmen, Ömer Demirok, Balkız Öztürk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土耳其语的钝化可以针对内部和外部的论点位置,因为语言中可能存在非宾格、非否定和及物的被动态。有趣的是,土耳其语也有双重被动语素,即被动语素迭代,两个论点位置都是饱和的。然而,该语言不允许使用反被动语态,在反被动语态中,只有及物谓词的内部参数位置被钝化饱和。重要的是,在合理的成分分析下,反被动物是完全预测的,与事实相反。因此,在具有双重被动语态(和非宾格被动语态)的语言中,反被动语态的不可用性仍然是一个难题,本文试图解决这个问题。特别是,我们认为,反被动语素被排除在外的理由是,被动语素在从属格理论的情况演算中是可见的,但在整个推导过程中必须保持无格。我们表明,这种解释还正确地预测了内部实参位置恰好是词法大小写位置,永远不会被钝化所针对。最后,我们对内部参数抑制进行了细粒度的分析,考虑了已报道的方面限制,并将我们的工作与现有建议进行了比较。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How can a language have double-passives but lack antipassives?
Passivization in Turkish may target both internal and external argument positions, for passives of unaccusatives, unergatives and transitives are possible in the language. Interestingly, Turkish also has double passives where the passive morpheme is iterated and both argument positions are saturated. However, the language does not allow for antipassives, where only the internal argument position of a transitive predicate is saturated by passivization. Importantly, under plausible compositional analyses, antipassives are fully predicted, contrary to the fact. Hence, the unavailability of antipassives in a language that has double passives (and passives of unaccusatives) remains as a puzzle, which this paper sets out to solve. In particular, we argue that antipassives are ruled out on the grounds that the passive morpheme is visible to the case calculus in terms of Dependent Case Theory but has to remain caseless throughout the derivation. We show that this account also correctly predicts that internal argument positions that happen to be lexical case positions can never be targeted by passivization. Finally, we provide a fine-grained analysis of internal argument suppression accounting for the aspectual restrictions it has been reported to have, and compare our work to the existing proposals.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
62 weeks
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