Magnetic measurements on electrical steels

This chapter will give an overview of the most currently used measurement methods applicable to electrical steels with a particular focus on methods which have been standardised or are in the process of standardisation. Although termed magnetic measurements almost all of the methods discussed are electrical measurements from which the magnetic properties can be calculated. The most fundamental of these is commonly referred to as the B-H curve which characterises the response of the magnetic material to an applied field. The authors discuss the effects of simple geometry on measurement characteristics and the various sensing methods. These include flux density sensing, A.C. measurements of losses and permeability, magnetostriction measurements, on-line measurements, surface insulation testing and Barkhausen noise measurement.