超越位擦除数:由最近发现的计算热力学成本提出的新的复杂性问题

Joshua A. Grochow, D. Wolpert
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引用次数: 4

摘要

非平衡统计力学的最新进展使人们对计算的热力学代价有了更深入的理解,而不是由兰道尔提出的,然后在计算复杂性领域进行了广泛的研究。特别是,Landauer的工作引起了对计算中比特擦除次数的关注,因为它与输入和输出之间的熵变化有关。然而,物理学的新进展已经被实验证实,这意味着我们现在可以计算额外的热力学成本,而不仅仅是输入和输出之间的熵的变化。因此,我们现在明白,虽然逻辑可逆计算可以有一些热力学上的好处,但它远没有结束。本文的目的是强调由于考虑这些新的热力学成本而引起的计算复杂性的新开放问题。除了导致对逻辑可逆性好处的修正观点之外,这些问题还涉及随机算法,平均情况复杂性,纠错码的热力学成本以及嘈杂/不精确/近似计算。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Beyond Number of Bit Erasures: New Complexity Questions Raisedby Recently discovered thermodynamic costs of computation
Recent advances in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics have led to a deeper understanding of the thermodynamic cost of computation than that put forth by Landauer and then studied extensively in the computational complexity community. In particular, Landauer's work led to a focus on the number of bit erasures in a computation, due to its relation to the change in entropy between input and output. However new advances in physics|which have been experimentally con rmed|mean we can now calculate additional thermodynamic costs beyond merely the change in entropy between input and output. As a consequence, we now understand that while logically reversible computing can have some thermodynamic bene ts, it is far from the end of the story. The purpose of this paper is to highlight new open questions in computational complexity raised by consideration of these new thermodynamic costs. Beyond leading to a revised viewpoint on the bene ts of logical reversibility, these questions touch on randomized algorithms, average-case complexity, the thermodynamic cost of error correcting codes, and noisy/inexact/approximate computation.
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