我们在Linux内核升级中遇到的麻烦以及为什么你应该关心

Ashif S. Harji, P. Buhr, Tim Brecht
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引用次数: 9

摘要

Linux和其他开源Unix变体(及其分发器)为研究人员提供了广泛使用的成熟操作系统。然而,由于它们的复杂性和快速发展,在使用这些操作系统进行性能实验时,特别是在系统研究中,应该小心谨慎。特别是,Linux代码库的大小和不断发展使其难以理解,因此,很难破译和解释性能改进的原因。此外,快速的内核开发周期意味着实验结果很快就会被视为过时或无意义。我们将证明这种观点是不正确的,因为内核更改可能并且已经引入了bug和性能降低。本文描述了我们使用Linux和FreeBSD作为平台进行性能评估和我们发现的一些性能回归的一些经验。我们的研究结果表明,这些性能回归可能是严重的(例如,重复相同的实验导致结果有很大的可变性),尽管对性能有很大的负面影响(一个问题存在超过3年),但这些回归可能是长期存在的。基于这些经验,我们认为:有时使用较旧的内核版本是合理的,实验结果需要仔细分析以解释为什么会出现性能影响,并且发表论文验证先前的研究是必不可少的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Our troubles with Linux Kernel upgrades and why you should care
Linux and other open-source Unix variants (and their distributors) provide researchers with full-fledged operating systems that are widely used. However, due to their complexity and rapid development, care should be exercised when using these operating systems for performance experiments, especially in systems research. In particular, the size and continual evolution of the Linux code-base makes it difficult to understand, and as a result, decipher and explain the reasons for performance improvements. In addition, the rapid kernel development cycle means that experimental results can be viewed as out of date, or meaningless, very quickly. We demonstrate that this viewpoint is incorrect because kernel changes can and have introduced both bugs and performance degradations. This paper describes some of our experiences using Linux and FreeBSD as platforms for conducting performance evaluations and some performance regressions we have found. Our results show, these performance regressions can be serious (e.g., repeating identical experiments results in large variability in results) and long lived despite having a large negative effect on performance (one problem was present for more than 3 years). Based on these experiences, we argue: it is sometimes reasonable to use an older kernel version, experimental results need careful analysis to explain why a performance effect occurs, and publishing papers validating prior research is essential.
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