人类行为学家的必读书籍

J. Richer
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引用次数: 2

摘要

所有人类行为学家都应该读这本书。这并不仅仅是因为它写得好,而是因为它背后的思想质量、风格和创造力是如何开展这一科学领域的一堂实物课。达尔文未完成的交响乐(当然是对弗朗茨·舒伯特的致敬)提到了他强烈的暗示,即文化的进化就像动物的身体和行为特征一样。拉兰是一位彻底的动物学家,他指出,人类文化与灵长类动物或其他大脑发达的哺乳动物有着巨大的不同,这对我们物种的成功产生了怎样的影响,特别是在文化知识积累的方式上,它会自动催化,比如“在过去的1 - 1.2万年的文化进化中,人类登上了月球,分裂了原子,建造了城市,编纂了百科全书式的知识,创作了交响乐。”(235页)。通过彻底从动物学的角度来探讨这个话题,并注意到这种复杂的、累积的自催化文化的独特性和陌生性,他能够更好地看到许多因素,以及哪些因素的组合,可能对人类文化的进化至关重要。因此,他提出的核心问题是,这位杰出的理查德·J.M.(2020)是如何做到的。人类行为学家的必读书籍。动物行为学,35,27-31。https://doi.org/10.22330/he/35/027-031
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A must-read for Human Ethologists
All Human Ethologists should read this book. It is not that it is just well written but that the quality, style and creativity of thought behind it is an object lesson in how this area of science ought to be conducted. Darwin's unfinished symphony (of course a nod towards Franz Schubert), refers to his strong intimations that culture evolved just as did physical and behavioural characteristrics of animals. Laland, a thoroughgoing Zoologist, points out how human culture is so hugely different from anything in even primates or other large brained mammals and how this has had consequences for the success of our species, in particular in the way cultural knowledge cumulatively rachets up, it autocatalyses, such that "in the last 10-12 thousand years of cultural evolution, humanity has been to the moon, split the atom, built cities, complied encylopaedic knowledge, and composed symphonies."(page 235). By approaching the topic from a thoroughly zoological perspective and noting the uniqueness and strangeness of this complex, cumulative autocatalytic culture, he is able better to see the many factors, and what combination of factors, might be crucial to the evolution of human culture. So the central question he asks is how did this remarkable Richer, J.M. (2020). A must-read for Human Ethologists. Human Ethology, 35, 27-31. https://doi.org/10.22330/he/35/027-031
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