北海ERSEM生态系统模型中的底栖营养物质再生

Piet Ruardij, Wim Van Raaphorst
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引用次数: 120

摘要

在任何浅海生态系统建模方法中,都有必要充分描述沉积物-水与所有基本营养物质的相互作用。为此,开发了一个相当简单的概念,并将其应用于N、P和Si营养循环的建模,其中包括基本的成岩过程,如垂直输送、好氧和缺氧矿化、硅酸盐溶解、吸附、硝化和反硝化。所有这些过程都是针对沉积物中的一个或多个不同层明确制定的。该模型包含少量变量,并且相对于计算机时间而言是有效的。该模型是北海欧洲区域海洋生态系统模型(ERSEM)的一部分,该模型由北海周围的几个研究所共同努力。讨论了ERSEM模型的海底-中上层耦合,重点讨论了海底营养循环的后果以及不同海底营养亚模型之间的相互关系。结果表明,该模型能够描述沉积物-水交换和孔隙水垂直剖面等养分通量的季节变化。从模型结果可以得出结论,有机物沉积的变化直接影响底栖硝化和反硝化作用,通过改变硝化器的氧气供应量,以及因此向反硝化器供应硝酸盐。由于沉积物氧化表层中磷酸盐的吸附缓冲作用,有机沉积的短期波动(如春季开花后)没有反映在通量中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Benthic nutrient regeneration in the ERSEM ecosystem model of the North Sea

In any ecosystem modelling approach to shallow seas an adequate description of the sediment-water interactions to all the essential nutrients is necessary. With this aim a fairly simple concept has been developed and applied for the modelling of the nutrient cycles of N, P and Si which includes the essential diagenetic processes such as vertical transport, oxic and anoxic mineralization, silicate dissolution, adsorption, nitrification and denitrification. All these processes are explicitly formulated for one or more distinct layers in the sediment. The model contains a low number of variables and is efficient with respect to computer time. The model is part of the European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) of the North Sea, a joint effort of several institutes around the North Sea. The benthic-pelagic coupling of the ERSEM model is discussed with emphasis on the consequences for the benthic nutrient cycling and the interrelations between the different benthic nutrient submodels. The results show that the model is able to describe the seasonal variation of nutrient fluxes including the sediment-water exchanges and the vertical profiles in the pore water. From the model results is concluded that changes in organic matter deposition directly influence the benthic nitrification and denitrification through changes in the oxygen availability to the nitrifiers and, due to this, the supply of nitrate to the denitrifiers. Short fluctuations in organic deposition (e.g. after the spring bloom) are not reflected in the fluxes due to sorption buffering of phosphate in the oxidized surface layer of the sediment.

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