种族灭绝时间:卢旺达的政治暴力清算

IF 2.6 1区 社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Natacha Nsabimana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章着眼于卢旺达的政治暴力,即1994年及以后对图西族的种族灭绝,是如何被人们记住、讲述和嵌入日常社会的。它提出了两个相关的论点。以卢旺达加卡卡法院(2005年至2012年间实施的过渡司法机制)的后果为切入点,我首先认为,暴力虽然在这些法院被描述为过去,但被认为是未来的回归,而现在是为这种不可避免的回归做准备的空间。这种结构化的时间逻辑,或种族灭绝时间,在加卡卡法庭正式结束数年后,支撑着法庭主人公之间的日常社会关系。其次,种族灭绝的幸存者和肇事者都声称自己是种族化的受害者,这是欧洲帝国将卢旺达人分为胡图人和图西人的遗留问题。种族灭绝时间标志着一个暂时的时刻,在这个时刻,对殖民管理至关重要的种族类别变得种族化,并与政治暴力深深纠缠在一起。我认为,今天对种族化受害者的共同主张,标志着这段更长的历史。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genocide-time: Political violence reckoning in Rwanda

This article looks at how political violence in Rwanda, that of the genocide against Tutsi in 1994 and beyond, is remembered, narrated, and embedded in everyday sociality. It makes two related arguments. Taking the aftermath of Rwanda's Gacaca courts (a transitional justice mechanism implemented between 2005 and 2012) as my point of entry, I argue first that violence, though narrated as past in these courts, is imagined as returning in the future, and the present is the space to prepare for this inevitable return. This structuring temporal logic, or genocide-time, undergirds everyday social relations between the protagonists of Gacaca courts years after their official end. Second, both survivors and perpetrators of the genocide claim forms of racialized victimhood, a legacy of European imperial categorizations of Rwandans into Hutus and Tutsis. Genocide-time signals a temporal moment in which ethnic categories, crucial for colonial management, become racialized and deeply entangled with political violence. Shared claims to racialized victimhood today, I argue, index this longer history.

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来源期刊
American Anthropologist
American Anthropologist ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
114
期刊介绍: American Anthropologist is the flagship journal of the American Anthropological Association, reaching well over 12,000 readers with each issue. The journal advances the Association mission through publishing articles that add to, integrate, synthesize, and interpret anthropological knowledge; commentaries and essays on issues of importance to the discipline; and reviews of books, films, sound recordings and exhibits.
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