Covid-19疫苗有效性:准确性评估、比较和注意事项

Wenjiang J. Fu, Jieni Li, P. Scheet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

疫苗疗效是疫苗研制过程中评价疫苗初期临床试验的关键指标。特别是,它在批准Covid-19疫苗方面发挥着至关重要的作用。据报道,Covid-19疫苗的效力因多种因素而异,包括人口统计数据、接种疫苗后的时间和病毒株。通过检查三项Covid-19疫苗研究的临床试验数据,我们发现目前评估疫苗总体疗效的方法没有提供所需的准确性。它不需要评估候选疫苗的时间框架,而且容易被误用,导致潜在的误导性信息和解释。特别是,我们用临床试验数据说明疫苗效力的可变性被低估了。我们证明了一种新的方法可能有助于解决这些问题。它有助于准确估计效力的变化,为确定评估疫苗的合理时间框架提供有用的信息,并避免滥用疫苗效力和误导信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Covid-19 Vaccine Efficacy: Accuracy Assessment, Comparison, and Caveats
Vaccine efficacy is a key index to evaluate vaccines in initial clinical trials during the development of vaccines. In particular, it plays a crucial role in authorizing Covid-19 vaccines. It has been reported that Covid-19 vaccine efficacy varies with a number of factors, including demographics of population, time after vaccine administration, and virus strains. By examining clinical trial data of three Covid-19 vaccine studies, we find that current approach to evaluating vaccines with an overall efficacy does not provide desired accuracy. It requires no time frame during which a candidate vaccine is evaluated, and is subject to misuse, resulting in potential misleading information and interpretation. In particular, we illustrate with clinical trial data that the variability of vaccine efficacy is underestimated. We demonstrate that a new method may help to address these caveats. It leads to accurate estimation of the variation of efficacy, provides useful information to define a reasonable time frame to evaluate vaccines, and avoids misuse of vaccine efficacy and misleading information.
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