“一项非同寻常的发现”:安德斯·努梅德发现挪威第一批居民后引发的争议

IF 1.2 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
H. M. Breivik, E. G. Ellingsen
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引用次数: 4

摘要

大约在20世纪初,考古学家认为挪威直到石器时代晚期才有人居住。1909年,教师安德斯·努姆梅德(Anders Nummedal)发现了两块燧石,引发了一场关于挪威史前史的广泛争论,最终人们承认挪威在中石器时代早期(公元前9500-8000年)曾有过定居点。然而,努梅德缺乏考古教育,当他试图确定他后来发现的许多燧石遗址的年代时,他受到了阻碍,知名的研究人员发现他关于石器时代定居点的理论并不令人信服。他被认为是一个不熟练的老师,对考古学的方法和术语一无所知。今天,Nummedal被认为是挪威石器时代研究中最有影响力的参与者之一,他的发现众所周知,得到广泛认可。本文描述了Nummedal如何将自己的名声从被嘲笑的业余爱好者转变为受人尊敬的专业人士。通过对他的同事们写的信件、报纸文章和悼词的广泛回顾,详细介绍了他在提出他的耸人听闻的理论时所遇到的阻力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
‘A Discovery of Quite Exceptional Proportions’: Controversies in the Wake of Anders Nummedal’s Discoveries of Norway’s First Inhabitants
Around the beginning of the twentieth century archaeologists believed that Norway was not inhabited until the Late Stone Age. In 1909 two pieces of flint, found by the school-teacher Anders Nummedal, launched an extensive debate about the prehistory of Norway, which in time led to the acknowledgement that there was an Early Mesolithic (9500–8000 BC) settlement of the country. However, Nummedal’s lack of archaeological education worked against him when he tried to date the many flint sites he found later on, and well-established researchers found his theories about Stone Age settlements unconvincing. He was regarded as an unskilled teacher who did not know the first thing about archaeological methods and terminology. Today, Nummedal is considered to be one of the most influential participants in Norwegian Stone Age research, and his discoveries are well known and widely recognized. This paper describes Nummedal’s fight to transform his reputation from ridiculed amateur to respected professional. The resistance he met when presenting his sensational theories is detailed through an extensive review of letters, newspaper articles and eulogies written by his colleagues.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2
审稿时长
11 weeks
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