大遗址、大问题、大数据、大问题:美国东南部考古实践的调查尺度和观念变化

IF 1.2 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
Cameron B. Wesson, J. Cottier
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引用次数: 10

摘要

至少从20世纪30年代开始,美国东南部的考古调查就把对该地区主要遗址进行广泛的、近乎完整的挖掘作为优先事项。尽管这种大规模挖掘具有相当大的优势,但在这种规模下进行的项目也伴随着一系列关于数据恢复、分析和发布的可比性、完整性和一致性的挑战。我们研究了东南部大规模发掘的历史,根据该学科的传统观点,该地区对美国考古学的“大问题”贡献不大。最近发表的对东南部遗址几十年前的数据的分析揭示了实地研究的积极和消极的方面,这些研究的规模比考古学通常进行的要大得多。此外,考虑到目前在社会科学中使用大数据的趋势,我们预测在整个地区的新政和其他早期考古实践期间开发的大型预先存在的数据集的使用将会增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Big Sites, Big Questions, Big Data, Big Problems: Scales of Investigation and Changing Perceptions of Archaeological Practice in the Southeastern United States
Since at least the 1930s, archaeological investigations in the southeastern United States have placed a priority on expansive, near-complete, excavations of major sites throughout the region. Although there are considerable advantages to such large–scale excavations, projects conducted at this scale are also accompanied by a series of challenges regarding the comparability, integrity, and consistency of data recovery, analysis, and publication. We examine the history of large–scale excavations in the southeast in light of traditional views within the discipline that the region has contributed little to the ‘big questions’ of American archaeology. Recently published analyses of decades old data derived from Southeastern sites reveal both the positive and negative aspects of field research conducted at scales much larger than normally undertaken in archaeology. Furthermore, given the present trend toward the use of big data in the social sciences, we predict an increased use of large pre–existing datasets developed during the New Deal and other earlier periods of archaeological practice throughout the region.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2
审稿时长
11 weeks
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