玛丽亚·蒙台梭利教学法中的幼儿整体教育方法

M. Miljković
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在玛丽亚·蒙台梭利(1870-1952)教育哲学的背景下,其基本特征之一可以从她对儿童和童年的人文主义浪漫主义态度以及这种态度对建立和发展和平社会的全球进程的影响中观察到,即将和平主义倾向作为人类整体发展的重要目的。在蒙台梭利教育理论和教学的这种主题的指导下,本文的第一部分试图检查和解释她关于环境对儿童发展整体过程的影响的重要观点,以及她对儿童在其发展过程中经历的敏感时期的看法。论文的第二部分着眼于蒙台梭利教育理论中第一阶段发展的特点,强调儿童发展中自愿方面的重要性。最后,第三部分通过价值论伦理维度考察了蒙台梭利在儿童世界-成人世界关系复杂性部分的一些理论起点,特别提到了宇宙教育在这一背景下的重要性。因此,本文的主要目的是受到蒙台梭利的一些教学观点和思想的分析的启发,这些观点和思想以其自然的教学方式和修辞,通过强调在儿童世界-成人世界关系背景下价值伦理维度的重要性,鼓励和促进儿童全面发展的思想。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The holistic approach to early childhood in Maria Montessori's pedagogy
In the context of Maria Montessori's (1870-1952) pedagogical philosophy, one of its fundamental characteristics can be observed in her humanistic romanticist attitude towards the child and childhood, as well as the repercussions of such an attitude on the global process of building and developing a society of peace, that is, tendencies of a pacifist nature as an important purpose of the development of mankind as a whole. Guided by this kind of leitmotif identified in Montessori's pedagogical theory and teachings, the first section of the paper seeks to examine and interpret her ideas which place great significance on the influence of the environment on the holistic process of child development, and her views on the periods of sensitivity a child goes through in its development. The second section of the paper looks at the characteristics of the first stage of development in Montessori's pedagogical theory, with emphasis on the importance of the voluntaristic aspect in child development. Finally, the third section examines some of Montessori's theoretical starting positions in the segment of complexity of the child's world - adult world relationship through the axiological ethical dimension, with special reference to the importance of cosmic education in this context. The main aim of this paper was thus inspired by an analysis of some of Montessori's pedagogical views and ideas which, in the naturalness of their pedagogical manner and rhetoric, encourage and foster the idea of a child's holistic development by emphasizing the importance of the axiological ethical dimension in the context of the child's world - adult world relationship.
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