生物库经济学和商业化问题

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Andrew Turner, Clara Dallaire-Fortier, M. Murtagh
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引用次数: 23

摘要

生物银行的经济方面与社会和科学方面交织在一起。我们描述了两个问题,它们构成了关于生物银行经济学的讨论,并说明了这种相互交织。首先,关于如何长期维持生物银行存在一个“可持续性问题”。其次,作为对第一个问题的部分回应,存在一个“商业化问题”,即如何处理参与者与生物银行之间的自愿利他关系,以及生物银行可能形成的潜在商业关系。社会科学家认为,商业化问题不足以解决生物银行必须解决的多重紧张关系。我们同意商业化问题是框架不充分;转向对生物经济的其他解释,我们认为,当代主要从参与者及其身体组织的角度考虑生物银行的经济学,可能会重现这些学者所批评的科学商品化。我们建议对生物银行的经济学进行一种超越商品化逻辑的替代概念,从而可以提出关于生物银行的社会和经济条件及其后果的更广泛的问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Biobank Economics and the Commercialization Problem
The economic aspects of biobanking are intertwined with the social and scientific aspects. We describe two problems that structure the discussion about the economics of biobanking and which illustrate this intertwining. First, there is a ‘sustainability problem’ about how to maintain biobanks in the long term. Second, and representing a partial response to the first problem, there is a ‘commercialisation problem’ about how to deal with the voluntary altruistic relationship between participants and biobanks, and the potential commercial relationships that a biobank may form. Social scientists have argued that the commercialisation problem is inadequate as a way to construct the multiple tensions that biobanks must negotiate. We agree that the commercialisation problem is an inadequate framework; turning to alternative accounts of bioeconomy, we suggest that contemporary consideration of the economics of biobanking primarily in terms of participants and their bodily tissue may reproduce the very commodification of science that these scholars critique. We suggest that an alternative conception of the economics of biobanking beyond the logics of commodification, which may thereby allow broader questions about the social and economic conditions and consequences of biobanks to be posed.
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