同行评审的史前史:来自哈特利卜圈的宗教蓝图

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Brent Ranalli
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引用次数: 6

摘要

现代科学同行评议的传统历史始于1660年代伦敦皇家学会(Royal Society of London)的审查制度。这篇文章追溯了同行评议“史前”的一部分,在约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯和哈特利布圈子(伦敦皇家学会的前身组织)其他成员的著作中。这些改革者似乎首先设想同行评议是神学家的一种技术,后来才提议将其应用于哲学。同行评议的重要性在于,它是一种允许神学家或哲学家团体内部而不是公开解决争议的技术,因为(他们认为)公开争论会播下怀疑、错误和混乱的种子,并破坏社会秩序。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Prehistory of Peer Review: Religious Blueprints from the Hartlib Circle
The conventional history of modern scientific peer review begins with the censorship practices of the Royal Society of London in the 1660s. This article traces one strand of the “prehistory” of peer review in the writings of John Amos Comenius and other members of the Hartlib circle, a precursor group to the Royal Society of London. These reformers appear to have first envisioned peer review as a technique for theologians, only later proposing to apply it to philosophy. The importance of peer review was as a technique that would permit a community of theologians or philosophers to resolve disputes internally rather than publicly, since public disputation would (they believed) sow doubt, error, and confusion, and disrupt the social order.
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