系统方法

IF 0.6 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE
A. Nikiforova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文试图比较关于系统方法本质的不同观点,描述围绕系统方法的术语混乱,并分析系统的众多定义。研究表明,系统方法概念的模糊性和模糊性表现在使用了许多意义相近、发音相近的术语。将现有的系统定义分为描述性定义和形式化定义。描述性定义中包含的概念以及表示这些概念的众多同义术语被分为五个概念术语组,这些概念术语组在内容和逻辑意义上有所不同。揭示了最小组成部分、出现、环境、边界、目的、系统功能和系统层次等概念的含义。文中还提到了这一概念在知识组织中的一些应用。讨论了系统分类问题。单独的部分致力于系统方法的历史,它的批评和意义的亮点。特别注意的是对系统方法的数学化的批评。确定了对系统方法兴趣下降的可能原因。结论是,系统方法有助于找到解决科学和实际问题的新途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Systems Approach
The review attempts to compare different points of view on the essence of the systems approach, describe the terminological confusion around it and analyse the numerous definitions of system. It is shown that the vagueness and ambiguity of the concept of the systems approach is manifested in the use of a number of terms which are similar in meaning and close in sound to it. It is proposed to divide the existing definitions of system into descriptive and formal ones. The concepts included in the descriptive definitions, as well as the numerous synonymous terms denoting them, are divided into five conceptual-terminological groups that differ in their content and logical meaning. The meanings of such concepts as minimal constituent parts, emergence, environment, boundaries, purpose, functions of system and systems hierarchy are revealed. Some uses of the concept in knowledge organization are mentioned. The problem of systems classification is touched upon. Separate sections are devoted to the highlights of the history of the systems approach, its criticism and the significance. Particular attention is paid to criticism of the mathematization of the systems approach. Possible reasons for the decline in interest in the systems approach are identified. It is concluded that the systems approach helps to find new ways to solve scientific and practical problems.
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来源期刊
Knowledge Organization
Knowledge Organization INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE-
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
28.60%
发文量
7
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