Spontaneous Remission in Congenital Leukemia AML-M1 with Pericardial Effusion

Congenital leukemia is a very rare malignancy of childhood with a poor prognosis. The incidence is nearly 1 in 5 million live births. The majority of cases are acute myeloblastic leukemia with trisomy. Clinical manifestations are usually leukocytosis, petechia, ecchymosis, cutaneous nodules, hepatosplenomegaly and central nervous system symptoms. 23-days old girl was presented with complaints of maculopapular dermatitis and hepatosplenomegaly diagnosed as AML M1. During the follow-up period massive pericardial effusion was detected. This case is presented due to emphasize the rare association of pericardial effusion with congenital leukemia without trisomy and spontaneous remission of leukemia that was occasionally appear in the literature.