Examining the Moderating Effects of Executive function on Transtheoretical Model Utilization to Predict Physical Activity

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of each of the transtheoretical model (TTM) constructs on physical activity, with considerations by executive function levels, which has yet to be evaluated in the literature. This is a noteworthy investigation as this may help determine whether the utility of the TTM is contingent upon an individual’s level of executive function. Methods: Data were collected from 200 University students (mean age: 21.6 years; 63% female). TTM constructs were assessed via a validated TTM survey. To assess executive function, the Parametric Go/No-Go computer task was utilized. Results: Physical activity was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire. The only TTM construct associated with meeting activity guidelines was behavioral processes (odds ratio: 1.13; 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.20; P < 0.001). Further, there were no interaction effects of executive function and any of the TTM constructs on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Greater use of behavioral processes of change was associated with higher levels of activity, and executive function did not moderate this association. Utilization of the TTM framework may have utility among young adults irrespective of their executive function level.