埃塞俄比亚习惯法争端解决机制:恢复性司法的形式?

IF 0.1 Q4 POLITICAL SCIENCE
Endalew Lijalem Enyew
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引用次数: 41

摘要

埃塞俄比亚的习惯争端解决机制在解决任何类型的犯罪和维持社区和平与稳定方面发挥着重要作用,尽管这些机制没有得到法律的承认,也没有得到适当的组织。传统的争端解决机制由长老管理;使冲突各方及其各自家庭在必要时使用不同的习惯仪式进行和解;强调受害者的赔偿和罪犯的重新融入社会;旨在恢复社区内以前的和平关系,并通过避免文化上接受的报复行为来维持他们未来的和平关系。然而,尽管埃塞俄比亚土著的习惯司法实践知识基础在实施恢复性司法理想方面具有巨大优势,但恢复性司法尚未在埃塞俄比亚的刑事司法系统中扎根。本文考察了埃塞俄比亚习惯法争端解决机制在解决刑事问题方面的法律、法理和事实、事实上的管辖权,并探讨了它们是否与恢复性司法的核心价值观和原则相兼容。通过对相关立法、恢复性司法文献和习惯争端解决机制的分析以及访谈,我们发现埃塞俄比亚的习惯争端解决机制与恢复性司法的价值观和原则是相容的。因此,有人认为,埃塞俄比亚的习惯机制可以作为制定恢复性司法方案的基础,如果它们得到适当的制度化,并为其运作提供充分的法律承认。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ethiopian customary dispute resolution mechanisms : forms of restorative justice?
Although much has been written about triggers of post-electoral violence, and what needs to be done to prevent their resurgence in Kenya and Africa, insights into the architecture on which Kenya's post-2007 electoral institutions were built have not benefitted from the same amount of scholarly and policy attention. With early warning signs suggesting that growing elitism and the gap between the rich and the poor are set to widen, interest in democratic processes is also set to increase. However, this interest risks sparking some uncontrollable civil strife or popular uprisings such as has been witnessed around the world in the North Africa and Middle East region, Greece, Spain, and now Ukraine. How states or international organisations would respond to such strife is marked by the incertitude that contemporary policy makers have to grapple with. Back from the brink presents a real life example of how contestation in Kenya's democratisation process uncovered years of unresolved socio-economic undercurrents and almost degenerated into a civil war.
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