Different Radiographic Modalities Used for Detection of Common Periodontal and Periapical Lesions Encountered in Routine Dental Practice

The objective of this article is to review the literature which describes the different radiographic modalities used for detection of osseous defects due to periodontal and periapical disease. Despite inherent limitations associated with conventional two-dimensional (2D) intra- and extra-oral radiographs, these continue as the mainstay for assessments of periodontal and periapical defects. Three dimensional CBCT scans are considered as a useful complement to these conventional radiographic techniques. This article gives an overview of common periodontal and periapical lesions encountered in routine clinical practice and various radiographic modalities used for their detection.