在瑞士及其他国家建立亲属关系:想象与物质

IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q4 Social Sciences
Sociologus Pub Date : 2015-09-22 DOI:10.3790/SOC.65.1.1
Nolwenn Bühler, Anika König
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本期专题讨论通过医疗、政治、情感和法律技术建立亲属关系。虽然这主要是指通过医学辅助生殖技术(如体外受精或配子捐赠)建立亲属关系,但它还包括进一步建立亲属关系的技术,如婚姻,建立所谓的“捐赠者兄弟姐妹”,以及更一般的创造归属感和“想象社区”的方式(Anderson 1991[1983])。我们把技术理解为一种帮助在政治、法律和情感领域建立亲属关系的手段,因此应该以一种更广泛的方式来理解,而不仅仅是指对身体物质的生物技术操纵。辅助生殖技术(ARTs)一词是指操纵配子以孕育孩子的技术手段。这些技术中最著名的可能是所谓的“体外”(拉丁语:“在玻璃里”)受精或IVF。通过将生殖物质从人体中分离出来,并使其在培养皿中培养,“体外受精改变了对生命的科学理解”(Franklin 2013年引用了2003年的Maienschein),也改变了对亲属关系的理解。在当代欧美人的思想中,亲属关系被认为是建立在“生活的自然事实”基础上的领域(斯特拉森,1992)——比如性别差异、代际继承、怀孕和生育。因此,通过干预创造新生命的核心通过将生殖从性交中分离出来并将其从人类中分离出来
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Making Kinship in Switzerland and Beyond: Imaginations and Substances
This special issue deals with the making of kinship through medical, political, affective, and legal technologies. While this primarily refers to the creation of kinship through medically assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization or gamete donation, it also includes further techniques of making kinship such as marriages, the establishment of so-called ‘donor siblingship’, and more general ways of creating belonging and an ‘imagined community’ (Anderson 1991 [1983]). We understand technology as a device which assists the making of kinship that is situated in political, legal, and affective spheres and which therefore should be understood in a much broader way than just referring to the biotechnological manipulation of body substances. The term assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) refers to the technological means of manipulating gametes in order to conceive a child. Probably the best known of these techniques is the so-called ‘in vitro’ (Latin: ‘in glass’) fertilization or IVF. By isolating reproductive substance from the human body and enabling its cultivation in a petri dish, ‘IVF has changed scientific understandings of what life is’ (Franklin 2013 referring to Maienschein 2003) but also of what kinship is. In contemporary Euro-American thinking 1 , kinship is considered as the domain that is based on the ‘natural facts of life’ (Strathern 1992) – such as sex difference, generational succession, pregnancy and birth. Therefore, by intervening at the core of the making of a new life by dividing reproduction from sexual intercourse and taking it out of the human
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Sociologus
Sociologus Multiple-
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