道德责任与神的命令:康德的宗教是否连贯?

IF 0.4 0 PHILOSOPHY
Micah Lott
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引用次数: 1

摘要

康德认为,道德导致宗教,而宗教就是把我们的道德义务视为神圣的命令。本文探讨了康德宗教的一个基本问题:当你认为你的职责是神圣的命令时,你到底在想什么,这种想法如何与康德自己关于道德独立于上帝的方式的描述相一致?我认为,如果我们假设康德的宗教人士的行为是出于对上帝的服从,那么她的整体观点将是不一致的。然后,我发展了一种将职责视为神的命令的解释,它不包括出于对上帝的服从而行动。然而,这种说法面临着一个反对意见——没有服从,一个人就不能真正把责任看作是神的命令。在最后一节,我将考虑这一反对意见并提出回应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Moral Duties and Divine Commands: Is Kantian Religion Coherent?
Kant argues that morality leads to religion, and that religion consists in regarding our moral duties as divine commands. This paper explores a foundational question for Kantian religion: When you think of your duties as divine commands, what exactly are you thinking, and how is that thought consistent with Kant’s own account of the ways that morality is independent from God? I argue that if we assume the Kantian religious person acts out of obedience to God, then her overall outlook will be inconsistent. I then develop an account of regarding duties as divine commands that does not involve acting out of obedience to God. This account, however, faces an objection—that without obedience, one cannot actually be thinking of duties as divine commands. In the final section, I consider this objection and suggest a response.
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