{"title":"苏联时期爱沙尼亚及转型时期护士的专业活动与工作文化","authors":"M. Talvik, T. Tulva, K. Puusepp","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.14","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":". The qualitative study aimed to analyse Estonian nurses’ professional activity and work culture during the Soviet era and the transition period of the 1990s from the perspective of senior nurses. In 1940–1941 and 1944–1991, the territory of the Republic of Estonia was occupied by Soviet Russia. The ‘new period of awakening’ was initiated under Gorbachev’s perestroika and glasnost (1985–1991), leading to democratisation. As soon as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Estonia began to establish a new healthcare system based on European standards. The research was conducted in 2021 and 2022. Senior nurses (aged 69–87) who had worked for at least 20 years during the Soviet era and at least 5 years during the transition period were surveyed. Thematic interviews were conducted in written form and orally (13 interviewees), followed by a focus group interview (8 interviewees). A thematic content analysis was performed. Nurses’ daily work during the Soviet era was characterised by poor working conditions, hierarchical professional relations, and miserable career prospects. Nursing, like many other fields, was strongly influenced by Soviet ideology. The relationship between nurses was mutually supportive. The period of transition created a chaotic situation – the working methods of the previous period were considered outdated, but no new direction had yet been established. Nurses’ knowledge was improved through professional training and access to foreign experience.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Nurses’ professional activity and work culture in Soviet Estonia and in the transition period\",\"authors\":\"M. Talvik, T. Tulva, K. Puusepp\",\"doi\":\"10.3176/proc.2023.3.14\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\". The qualitative study aimed to analyse Estonian nurses’ professional activity and work culture during the Soviet era and the transition period of the 1990s from the perspective of senior nurses. In 1940–1941 and 1944–1991, the territory of the Republic of Estonia was occupied by Soviet Russia. The ‘new period of awakening’ was initiated under Gorbachev’s perestroika and glasnost (1985–1991), leading to democratisation. As soon as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Estonia began to establish a new healthcare system based on European standards. The research was conducted in 2021 and 2022. Senior nurses (aged 69–87) who had worked for at least 20 years during the Soviet era and at least 5 years during the transition period were surveyed. Thematic interviews were conducted in written form and orally (13 interviewees), followed by a focus group interview (8 interviewees). A thematic content analysis was performed. Nurses’ daily work during the Soviet era was characterised by poor working conditions, hierarchical professional relations, and miserable career prospects. Nursing, like many other fields, was strongly influenced by Soviet ideology. The relationship between nurses was mutually supportive. The period of transition created a chaotic situation – the working methods of the previous period were considered outdated, but no new direction had yet been established. Nurses’ knowledge was improved through professional training and access to foreign experience.\",\"PeriodicalId\":54577,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences\",\"volume\":\"1 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.14\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.14","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurses’ professional activity and work culture in Soviet Estonia and in the transition period
. The qualitative study aimed to analyse Estonian nurses’ professional activity and work culture during the Soviet era and the transition period of the 1990s from the perspective of senior nurses. In 1940–1941 and 1944–1991, the territory of the Republic of Estonia was occupied by Soviet Russia. The ‘new period of awakening’ was initiated under Gorbachev’s perestroika and glasnost (1985–1991), leading to democratisation. As soon as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Estonia began to establish a new healthcare system based on European standards. The research was conducted in 2021 and 2022. Senior nurses (aged 69–87) who had worked for at least 20 years during the Soviet era and at least 5 years during the transition period were surveyed. Thematic interviews were conducted in written form and orally (13 interviewees), followed by a focus group interview (8 interviewees). A thematic content analysis was performed. Nurses’ daily work during the Soviet era was characterised by poor working conditions, hierarchical professional relations, and miserable career prospects. Nursing, like many other fields, was strongly influenced by Soviet ideology. The relationship between nurses was mutually supportive. The period of transition created a chaotic situation – the working methods of the previous period were considered outdated, but no new direction had yet been established. Nurses’ knowledge was improved through professional training and access to foreign experience.
期刊介绍:
The Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences is an international scientific open access journal published by the Estonian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the University of Tartu, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn University, and the Estonian University of Life Sciences.
The journal publishes primary research and review papers in the English language. All articles are provided with short Estonian summaries.
All papers to be published in the journal are peer reviewed internationally.
The journal is open to word-wide scientific community for publications in all fields of science represented at the Estonian Academy of Sciences and having certain connection with our part of the world, North Europe and the Baltic area in particular.