Pewarnaan Gram Buffy Coat untuk Deteksi Awal Pasien Bakteremia

Abstract: Bacteremia is one public health problem. Bacteremia was ranked as the tenth leading cause of death in the United States. Gram staining of buffy coat can be used for early detection of patients with bacteremia. Rapid diagnostic tests with these Gram staining can be interpreted within an hour and the research that has been conducted Richmond et al. 2002, have a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 79%. This study aimed to study the sensitivity and specificity of Gram buffy coat with the gold standard blood culture media biphasic fever suspected patients. This study was an observational study with cross sectional study. The study population was suspected fever patients in hospitals Ratu Zalecha Martapura months from March to May 2013. The samples were suspect fever patients in hospitals Queen Zalecha Martapura March-May 2013 were taken by purposive with the inclusion criteria: Patients District General Hospital Ratu Zalecha Martapura, aged ≥10 years, had fever ≥ 5 days, had symptoms of abdominal pain, willing to follow the study. Gram staining microscopic results were analyzed by application epicalc. Microscopic results buffy coat Gram staining Gram-negative rods are found as many as seven (26%) and were not found Gram-negative rods as many as 20 (74%). Culture results of this study are Gram negative bacterial growth as much as 6 (22%) and no growth as many as 21 (78%). Conclusion The results of microscopic Gram stain buffy coat has a value of 67% sensitivity and 86% specificity. Keywords: Gram stain, Buffy Coat, bacteraemia Abstrak: Bakteremia adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Bakteremia menempati peringkat kesepuluh sebagai penyebab utama kematian di Amerika Serikat (Kung H et.al., 2008). Pewarnaan Gram dari buffy coat dapat digunakan untuk deteksi awal pasien bakteremia. Tes diagnostik yang cepat dengan pewarnaan Gram ini dapat di interpretasikan dalam waktu satu jam dan dalam penelitian yang telah dilakukan Richmond et al. 2002, mempunyai sensitifitas 75% dan spesifisitas 79%. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mempelajari sensitifitas dan spesifisitas pewarnaan Gram buffy coat dengan gold standar kultur darah media bifasik pada pasien tersangka demam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien tersangka demam di RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura bulan Maret-Mei 2013. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien tersangka demam di RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura bulan Maret-Mei 2013 yang diambil secara purposive dengan Kriteria inklusi : Pasien Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ratu Zalecha Martapura, berumur ≥10 tahun, memiliki gejala demam ≥ 5 hari, memiliki gejala sakit perut, bersedia mengikuti penelitian. Hasil mikroskopis pewarnaan Gram dianalisis dengan aplikasi epicalc. Hasil mikroskopis pewarnaan Gram buffy coat yaitu ditemukan batang Gram negatif sebanyak 7 (26%) dan yang tidak ditemukan batang Gram negatif sebanyak 20 (74%). Hasil kultur penelitian ini terdapat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram negatif sebanyak 6 (22%) dan tidak terdapat pertumbuhan sebanyak 21 (78%). Kesimpulan hasil mikroskopis pewarnaan Gram buffy coat mempunyai nilai sensitifitas 67% dan spesifisitas 86%. Kata kunci : Pewarnaan Gram, Buffy Coat, Bakteremia