The modern paradigm of teaching and studying Russian as a foreign language in Russia and European countries

The article deals with the main psycholinguistic, lingua-didactic, methodological and pedagogical conceptual approaches that determine the modern paradigm of teaching and studying Russian as a foreign language in Russia and abroad (European countries). It is noted that the Russian psychological and linguistic school (L. S. Vygotsky, P. Ya. Halperin, I. A. Zimnyaya, A. A. Leontyev) significantly influenced the formation and evolution of foreign psycholinguistics. Co-study of language and culture, communicative orientation are general directions that characterize the lingua-didactic and methodological paradigm of foreign language education in our country and abroad. The article actualizes the subject-subject trajectory in the pedagogical organization of the educational process on the Russian as a foreign language in Russia and foreign countries.