The known-unknown: third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins combined with sulbactam

Despite the presence of more than 100 different antibacterials in the therapeutic arsenal, beta-lactam antibiotics, in general, and the third-generation cephalosporins, in particular, remain the main option for the treatment of the most of infections in inpatients. At the same time, the widespread and oftentimes inappropriate use of the third-generation cephalosporins in Russian hospitals lead to the emergence and spread of antimicroabial resistance. The review covers the problems of antibiotic resistance to cephalosporins due to the production of beta-lactamases, the role of beta-lactamase inhibitors in overcoming this type of resistance, options for combinations of cephalosporins with beta-lactamase inhibitors, in vitro activity of cefotaxime/sulbactam and cefepime/sulbactam, the results of clinical studies, and the role of the above combinations in the treatment of infections in the hospital.