Black-topped ware in early dynastic contexts

Black-topped ware is commonly associated with the Predynastic era, but a handful of examples made in the Early Dynastic Period are known to exist. Generally these vessels are variations of the hes-jar shape ; their findspots, in tombs or temples, associate this shape with ritual or funerary use. It is argued here that during the Early Dynastic Period, black-topped ware acquired a symbolic significance linked to the shape and colours of the vessel. This symbolism continued in the depictions of such vases on the walls of tombs although the ware itself was probably no longer produced after the Early Dynastic Period.