将穴居形态与掠夺性土壤节肢动物的行为联系起来:在大陆鱼化石上的应用

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Daniel I. Hembree
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自志留纪以来,食肉节肢动物在陆地环境中就已为人所知。这些动物中的许多已经发展出适应土壤环境的形态和行为。鱼化石在古生代古土壤中很常见,但大多数起源不确定,可能记录了食肉节肢动物的隐藏多样性。考虑到土壤无脊椎动物在它们栖息的环境中相对较差的保存潜力,这些鱼化石尤为重要。为了更好地了解掠食性土壤节肢动物洞穴的形态和用途,对蜈蚣、蝎子、鞭蝎和蜘蛛进行了室内实验。标本放置在充满沉积物的水族箱中1至36周。研究人员通过数字记录对这些动物进行持续观察,以监控它们的行为和对洞穴的使用。对开放的洞穴进行浇铸,并进行定性和定量描述。这些动物使用各种技术挖洞,包括侵入、压缩、挖掘和回填。有些洞穴在被遗弃之前会被占用很短的时间(2-5天),而其他洞穴则会被永久占用。洞穴从简单的竖井到复杂的分支网络,作为临时或永久的住所,大多数被用作伏击捕食或猎物陷阱的场所。不同的掠食性节肢动物产生了独特的洞穴,这些洞穴可能与特定的行为有关。不同的洞穴特征与捕食活动有关,包括垂直竖井,多个表面开口,分支隧道网络和扩展的腔室。这些数据可以应用于大陆鱼化石,以提高我们对陆生掠食性节肢动物的进化、它们的时间分布和古代土壤生态系统古生态学的理解。丹尼尔·亨布里。田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校地球与行星科学系,美国田纳西州诺克斯维尔37996,dhemre2@utk.edu
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
Predatory arthropods are known from terrestrial environments since the Silurian. Many of these animals have developed morphological and behavioral adaptations for living within soil environments. Ichnofossils are common in Paleozoic paleosols, yet most are of uncertain origin and may record a hidden diversity of predatory arthropods. These ichnofossils are especially important given the relatively poor preservation potential of soil invertebrates in the environments they inhabit. To better understand the morphology and uses of predatory soil arthropod burrows, laboratory experiments were conducted with centipedes, scorpions, whip scorpions, and spiders. Specimens were placed in sediment-filled terrariums for 1 to 36 weeks. The animals were observed continuously using digital recordings to monitor their behaviors and use of their burrows. Open burrows were cast and described qualitatively and quantitatively. The animals burrowed using various techniques including intrusion, compression, excavation, and backfilling. Some burrows were occupied for short intervals (2-5 days) before being abandoned, whereas others were permanently occupied. Burrows ranged from simple vertical shafts to complex, branching networks that served as temporary to permanent dwellings, and most were used as sites for ambush predation or as prey traps. The different predatory arthropods produced unique burrows that could be linked to specific behaviors. Distinct burrow features were linked to predatory activities including vertical shafts, multiple surface openings, branching tunnel networks, and expanded chambers. These data can be applied to continental ichnofossils to improve our understanding of the evolution of terrestrial predatory arthropods, their distribution through time, and interpretations of the paleoecology of ancient soil ecosystems. Daniel I. Hembree. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA, dhemre2@utk.edu
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来源期刊
Palaeontologia Electronica
Palaeontologia Electronica 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Founded in 1997, Palaeontologia Electronica (PE) is the longest running open-access, peer-reviewed electronic journal and covers all aspects of palaeontology. PE uses an external double-blind peer review system for all manuscripts. Copyright of scientific papers is held by one of the three sponsoring professional societies at the author''s choice. Reviews, commentaries, and other material is placed in the public domain. PE papers comply with regulations for taxonomic nomenclature established in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants.
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