Incidence and Causes of Open Globe Injury in Pediatric Age Group in Salmaniya Medical Complex between 2015–2020

Objectives: To report the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric traumatic open globe injuries (OGI) and to discuss the outcomes of such injuries in Salmaniya medical complex in Bahrain. To provide data for OGI in pediatric age group in Bahrain. Methods: All the hospital records of pediatric patients who were treated for open eye injuries at Salmaniya Medical complex between January 2015 to December 2020 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to their final visual acuity (FVA): Group 1, FVA better than 6/60, and Group 2, 6/60 or worse. The FVA of each group was compared to initial visual acuity (IVA), wound entry site, associated injuries, and medical treatment. Further comparison was made between school-age children (≥6 years old), and younger children. Results: A total of 21 children formed the study population. The injury was more common in school-age children (67%). Most injuries occurred while playing at home, during January and July (48%). The most common objects causing OGI were sharp pieces of either glass or metallic (62%) and pencil (9.5%). About 75% of patients had a final visual acuity outcome (FVA) of better than 6/60 (Group1), 25% had 6/60 or worse. Conclusion: Most of OGI occurred at home and during student’s holidays. Objects causing OGI were sharp common household items. Emphasis on education to prevent such injuries is essential.