痛苦奖:我们侵权制度的非理性中心

IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 LAW
Paul v. Niemeyer
{"title":"痛苦奖:我们侵权制度的非理性中心","authors":"Paul v. Niemeyer","doi":"10.2307/3202381","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"HEN a petit jury in a civil tort action awards damages for pain and suffering, it does not award damages that compensate, or that indemnify, or that provide restitution to the injured party—the traditional functions of damage awards. Damages that are awarded for pain and suffering are probably intended as a pecuniary bonus or gift in an amount thought roughly to reference the pain suffered or expected to be suffered. But there seem to be no rational, predictable criteria for measuring these damages. For that reason, there are also no criteria for reviewing pain and suffering awards by the presiding judge or by an appellate court. Without rational criteria for measuring damages for pain and suffering, awarding such damages undermines the tort law’s rationality and predictability—two essential values of the rule of law. Yet it is this irrationality in awarding money for pain and suffering that provides the grist for the mill of our tort industry, which is now estimated to have grown to $200 billion. It is difficult to dismiss an industry of this size as a small pocket of tolerable irrationality when it exceeds the entire economy of Turkey, or Austria, or Denmark.","PeriodicalId":47840,"journal":{"name":"Virginia Law Review","volume":"90 1","pages":"1401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3202381","citationCount":"14","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Awards for Pain and Suffering: The Irrational Centerpiece of Our Tort System\",\"authors\":\"Paul v. Niemeyer\",\"doi\":\"10.2307/3202381\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"HEN a petit jury in a civil tort action awards damages for pain and suffering, it does not award damages that compensate, or that indemnify, or that provide restitution to the injured party—the traditional functions of damage awards. Damages that are awarded for pain and suffering are probably intended as a pecuniary bonus or gift in an amount thought roughly to reference the pain suffered or expected to be suffered. But there seem to be no rational, predictable criteria for measuring these damages. For that reason, there are also no criteria for reviewing pain and suffering awards by the presiding judge or by an appellate court. Without rational criteria for measuring damages for pain and suffering, awarding such damages undermines the tort law’s rationality and predictability—two essential values of the rule of law. Yet it is this irrationality in awarding money for pain and suffering that provides the grist for the mill of our tort industry, which is now estimated to have grown to $200 billion. It is difficult to dismiss an industry of this size as a small pocket of tolerable irrationality when it exceeds the entire economy of Turkey, or Austria, or Denmark.\",\"PeriodicalId\":47840,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Virginia Law Review\",\"volume\":\"90 1\",\"pages\":\"1401\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2004-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3202381\",\"citationCount\":\"14\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Virginia Law Review\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2307/3202381\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"LAW\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Virginia Law Review","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3202381","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"LAW","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14

摘要

当一个小陪审团在民事侵权诉讼中裁决损害赔偿时,它不会裁决赔偿,或赔偿,或向受害方提供赔偿——损害赔偿的传统功能。因痛苦和折磨而获得的损害赔偿可能是一种金钱奖励或礼物,其数量大致与所遭受的痛苦或预期遭受的痛苦有关。但似乎没有合理的、可预测的标准来衡量这些损害。因此,审判长和上诉法院也没有审查痛苦赔偿的标准。如果没有衡量痛苦和折磨损害赔偿的合理标准,这种损害赔偿的裁决就会破坏侵权法的合理性和可预见性——法治的两个基本价值。然而,正是这种为痛苦和苦难提供赔偿的非理性行为,为我们的侵权行业提供了原料,该行业目前估计已增长到2000亿美元。当一个行业的规模超过土耳其、奥地利或丹麦的整体经济规模时,很难将其视为一个可以容忍的不理性的小口袋。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Awards for Pain and Suffering: The Irrational Centerpiece of Our Tort System
HEN a petit jury in a civil tort action awards damages for pain and suffering, it does not award damages that compensate, or that indemnify, or that provide restitution to the injured party—the traditional functions of damage awards. Damages that are awarded for pain and suffering are probably intended as a pecuniary bonus or gift in an amount thought roughly to reference the pain suffered or expected to be suffered. But there seem to be no rational, predictable criteria for measuring these damages. For that reason, there are also no criteria for reviewing pain and suffering awards by the presiding judge or by an appellate court. Without rational criteria for measuring damages for pain and suffering, awarding such damages undermines the tort law’s rationality and predictability—two essential values of the rule of law. Yet it is this irrationality in awarding money for pain and suffering that provides the grist for the mill of our tort industry, which is now estimated to have grown to $200 billion. It is difficult to dismiss an industry of this size as a small pocket of tolerable irrationality when it exceeds the entire economy of Turkey, or Austria, or Denmark.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
3.80%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Virginia Law Review is a journal of general legal scholarship published by the students of the University of Virginia School of Law. The continuing objective of the Virginia Law Review is to publish a professional periodical devoted to legal and law-related issues that can be of use to judges, practitioners, teachers, legislators, students, and others interested in the law. First formally organized on April 23, 1913, the Virginia Law Review today remains one of the most respected and influential student legal periodicals in the country.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信