中尺度涡旋动力学对海洋生态系统生物生产力的影响

IF 0.7 Q4 OCEANOGRAPHY
A. Mikaelyan, A. Zatsepin, A. Kubryakov
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引用次数: 8

摘要

本文从对浮游生物(主要是浮游植物)数量及其分类结构的影响出发,讨论了不同类型的中尺度涡旋动力学。气旋型、反气旋型、水体反气旋型、锋面型等各类涡旋结构以及偶极子结构对浮游生物有积极的影响。研究了影响机制的理论方案,并以黑海浮游生物的影响为例加以说明。海洋浮游生物生态系统对涡旋动力学的响应分析和科学文献综述清楚地证明了这些过程在海洋生物生产力形成中的重要作用。在其核心的温跃层和抬升硝基跃层的温盐跃层中,气旋涡旋形成了等斜线上升(圆顶状弯曲);它促进了生物生产力的提高。在反气旋涡中心,温跃层和温盐层加深(偏转),对生物生产力产生不利影响。与此同时,等压线的上升发生在涡旋外围,相反,这有助于初级产量的增加。与常规的反气旋相比,水体(或透镜状)涡旋诱导水在涡旋最大轨道速度深度以上的一层上升,换句话说,在其上部,它的作用通常类似于气旋。因此,在任何涡旋中,都有温跃层上升到地表的区域,因此,形成了生物生产力增加的先决条件。强风不仅增强了涡流对生物群的影响,而且可以完全改变这种影响的性质。当暴露于风中时,气旋中生物源元素向光层的传输强度会降低,而在透镜状反气旋中则会增加。重要的一点是,长期存在的涡流根据其进化阶段改变了影响机制。最后,涡旋结构往往会促进优势浮游植物种类的变化,从而显著改变有机物向海底的流动,影响全球碳循环。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of Mesoscale Eddy Dynamics on Bioproductivity of the Marine Ecosystems
Different types of mesoscale eddy dynamics are considered in the paper from the viewpoint of their effect on the plankton (mainly phytoplankton) amount and its taxonomic structure. The eddy structures of all types, including cyclonic, anticyclonic, water-body anticyclonic and frontal ones, as well as the dipole structures, actively affect plankton. Theoretical schemes of the influencing mechanisms, which are illustrated by the examples of such an impact on the plankton in the Black Sea, are examined. The analyzed responses of the marine plankton ecosystems to the eddy dynamics and the scientific literature review unambiguously testify the important role of these processes in formation of biological productivity in the seas and oceans. A cyclonic eddy forms the isopycnals rise (a dome-like bend) in its core both in the thermocline and in the pycno-halocline that elevates nitrocline; it promotes bioproductivity increase. In the center of the anticyclonic eddy, the thermocline and pycno-halocline deepen (deflection) which negatively affects bioproductivity. At the same time, the rise of the isopycnals occurs at the eddy periphery that, on the contrary, contributes to increase in primary production. In contrast to a regular anticyclone, a water-body (or lens-like) eddy induces the water rise in a layer above the depth of the maximum orbital velocity of the eddy, in other words, in its upper part it often acts like a cyclone. Thus, in any eddy there are the areas where the thermocline rises to the surface and, therefore, the prerequisites for the bioproductivity increase are formed. Strong winds not only enhance the effect of the eddies on biota, but can completely change the nature of this impact. When exposed to wind, the intensity of the biogenic elements transport to the photic layer in the cyclones can decrease, whereas in the lens-like anticyclones it can increase. The important point is that the long-living eddies change the influencing mechanisms depending on the stage of their evolution. At last, the eddy structures often promote changing in the dominant phytoplankton species that can significantly alter the flow of organic matter to the bottom and affect the global carbon cycle.
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来源期刊
Physical Oceanography
Physical Oceanography OCEANOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
25.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
24 weeks
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