Inhibitory - Proliferative Adaptation

We try to interpret origin and complexity of life in terms of ‘entropy dissipation’, and how the complexity of life could arise by ‘internal selection’ without the need of ‘Darwinian theory of natural selection’. Have physicists found the underlying science driving the origin and evolution of life ? It follows from the fundamental laws of physics. From this standpoint, there is one essential difference between living subjects and their corresponding inanimate carbon atoms: The former tend to be much better at capturing energy from their environment and dissipating that energy as heat. The mathematical formula, based on established physics, indicates that when a group of atoms is driven by an external source of energy and surrounded by a heat bath, will often gradually restructure itself in order to dissipate increasingly more energy. Under similar conditions, matter inexorably acquires the key physical attribute associated with life. From the perspective of the PrigogineEngland physics, Darwinian evolution is only a special case of more general phenomenon. *Corresponding Author: Robert Skopec, Researcher Analyst, AXON, Dubnik, Slovakia. E-mail: zxcbnvm7@gmail.com Received: July 21, 2016 Accepted: July 25, 2016 Published: August 04, 2016 Citation: Robert Skopec (2016) Inhibitory Proliferative Adaptation. Int J Vaccines Res. 3(3), 19-22. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2572-7427-160004 Copyright: Robert Skopec© 2016. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribu tion and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction Theoretical results of physicists from Prigogine to England are generally considered valid. Their formula represents the driving force behind a class of phenomena in nature that includes life. A system of particles is driven by an oscillating force. Over time (top-down), the force triggers the formation of more bonds among the particles. At the heart of Prigogine-England theory is the second law of thermodynamics, the law of increasing entropy (the arrow of time) [3, 7]. The energy tends to disperse or spread out as time progresses. Entropy is the measure of this tendency. It increases as a matter of probability: There are more ways for energy to be spread out than for it to be concentrated. The entropy must increase over time in an isolated or “closed” system-an “open” system can keep its entropy low-that is, divide energy unevenly among atoms-by greatly increasing the entropy of its surroundings. In his influential 1944 monograph “What Is Life ?” physicist E. Schrὅdinger argued that this is what living systems must do. The overall entropy of the universe increases during photosynthesis as the sunlight dissipates, even as the plant prevents itself from decaying by maintaining an orderly internal structure. In the late 1990s, it was shown that entropy produced by a thermodynamic process corresponds to a simple ratio: the probability that the atoms will undergo that process divided by their probability of undergoing the reverse process. As entropy production increases, so does this ratio: A system’s behavior becomes more and more “irreversible”. Particles tend to dissipate more energy when they resonate with a driving force. “This means clumps of atoms surrounded by a bath at some temperature, like the atmosphere or the ocean, should tend over time to arrange themselves to resonate better and better with the sources of mechanical, electromagnetic or chemical work in their environments” [3]. The role of brain regions in modulating social stressors The brain plays critical role in appraising social stressors, as well as in modulating the immune system’s response to stressors that involve social or physical threat. Differences of inflammatory responses to social stress depend on individual differences in activity of neural regions that process social threat-related information. Stressors of social rejection up-regulate inflammatory activity. The neural regions involved in processing rejection-related distress relate to individuals magnitude of inflammatory responses to social stress. General stress-response-controlled switch to error-prone DNA break (double-strand break, DSB) repair-dependent stress-