COVID-19是粮食安全危机的催化剂。现有的农业制度能否保持不变

O. Ovchynnykova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2019年至2022年,自2019冠状病毒病大流行爆发以来,全球饥饿人口增加了1.5亿,占世界人口的10%。与此同时,三分之一的食物因为无法到达最终消费者手中而被扔掉。气候变化、自然灾害、导致人道主义危机的战争是造成饥饿的主要和持续原因。2019冠状病毒病加速了加剧粮食安全危机的进程,依赖进口的国家对这一危机尤为敏感。作为应对新冠病毒传播的工具而引入的隔离,在全球经济体系及其子系统农业中表现出了社会、经济、政治、生态、粮食危机的催化剂。乍一看,地球上饥饿人口比例的增加可以用贫困和无力购买基本食品来解释;价格上涨是由于物流链断裂、能源运输价格上涨以及封锁造成的经济变化造成的。在实践中,尽管全球农业工业产品的产量不断增长,但确保世界粮食安全的产品的供需平衡受到了干扰。研究的问题在于,除了贫困和社会不平等造成的原因外,对饥饿的无形原因的确定不足。本研究的目的是揭示粮食供不应求导致粮食安全危机加剧的前景,并提出摆脱危机的理论途径。本文采用面板数据研究的定量方法。采用可视化方法简化对所提出的信息阵列的感知。只有通过适应和实现地球各生态系统之间的协同作用,才能克服由地球表面温度升高、海洋污染、土壤退化引起的饥饿、贫困、气候和生态问题等社会问题。应通过实施气候优化农业和蓝色经济(利用海洋资源)作为“蓝色食品”来源的原则,转变作为粮食安全主要因素的农业,以实现粮食可持续性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
COVID-19 as a Catalyst of Food Security Crisis. Whether the Existing System of Agriculture Can Remain the Same
From 2019 to 2022, since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global percentage of hunger rose by 150 million people, which is 10% of the world population. At the same time, one-third of food is thrown away because it cannot reach the final consumer. Climate change, natural catastrophes, wars leading to humanitarian crises are the main and ongoing causes of hunger. COVID-19 acted as an accelerator of processes that exacerbate the food security crisis, to which import-dependent countries are especially sensitive. Quarantine that was introduced as a tool to combat the spread of the COVID-19 acted as a catalyst of social, economic, political, ecological, and food crisis that is displayed in the global economic system and in agriculture – its subsystem. At first glance, the increase in the percentage of starving populations on the planet is explained by poverty and the inability to purchase basic food products; a rise in prices was caused by breaks in logistics chains, the increase in the price of energy carriers, and economic shifts caused by the lockdown. In practice, despite the constantly growing volumes of global production of agro-industrial products, the balance between demand and supply of products that ensure the world's food security has been disturbed. The research problem lies in the insufficient determination of intangible causes of hunger, other than those caused by poverty and social inequality. The aim of the research is to show the prospects of the aggravation the food security crisis due to excess of food demand over supply, and to propose theoretical ways out of the crisis. The quantitative method of panel data research was used to prepare the article. The visualization method was used to simplify the perception of the proposed array of information. It is possible to overcome such social problems as hunger, poverty, climate and ecology problems caused by the increase in the temperature on the planet's surface, ocean pollution, and soil degradation only through adaptation and achieving synergy between the planet’s ecosystems. Agriculture as a main factor of food security should be transformed through implementing principles of climate-optimized agriculture and blue economy (use of ocean resources) as a source of “blue food” to achieve food sustainability.
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