AMMI analysis for grain yield in bread wheat recombinant inbred lines

Identification of high yielding relatively stable genotypes is an integral objective of plant breeding programs. Testing of genotypes across environments is required to determine yield stability of genotypes. The specific objective of the current study was to analyze genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for grain yield of 44 bread wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and six check cultivars using additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. Experiments were planted using alpha lattice design with two replicates in Peshawar (E-1 and E-3), Hangu (E-2 and E-4) and Kohat (E-5) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among RILs for all traits while interactions due to genotype by environment were significant for all traits except days to emergence and 1000-grain weight. Significant GEI justified environment-specific as well as AMMI analysis to identify RILs with specific and wider adaptation. The AMMI analysis revealed that the first interaction principal component analysis (IPCA 1) captured 64% of GEI sum of squares while the second interaction principal component analysis (IPCA 2) explained 25.8% of the interaction sum of square. The AMMI biplot identified G30 as high yielding genotype followed by G19 and G49, whereas low yielding RILs were G13, G8 and G7. Similarly G30, being close to IPCA1 axis, was the most stable RIL with wider adaptability followed by G31 and G25. Based on AMMI stability value (ASV), RILs G18 (2.15), G5 (2.78), G27 (3.72), G44 (4.31), G25 (4.43), G42 (4.57), G43 (5.78), G11 (5.82), G1 (7.66) and G29 (7.81) were recognized in the given order of relative stability. Stability analysis identified G49 (Wafaq ? Ghaznavi-98-3) as high yielding stable genotype among RILs which can be commercialized after fulfilling procedural requirements.