Transfusions in the critically ill pediatric patient

Anemia is one of the most common medical complications encountered in critically ill children. Based on the results of clinical trials, transfusion practices across the world have generally become more restrictive. The decision process leading to the conduction of a red blood cell transfusion should be based on available evidence as much as possible. The risks and benefits of the transfusion as well as the risks attributable to anemia must be taken into account. This review summarizes the current practice approach to the critically ill pediatric patient.