Krétaszerű elváltozások a fogakon. A Molaris Incisivus Hypomineralisatio felfedezésének története, prevenciós és remineralizációs módszerek fejlődése

Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental disfunction of the enamel of ectodermal origin. Since Hippocrates, the dental structure was studied continously. Fauchard wrote in 1728 first about hard tissue developmental disturbances. At that time they discovered the impact of hypoplasia on systemic diseases. Later Busch in 1884 and Turner in 1909 detected localised hypoplasia on the permanent teeth as the underlying cause of deciduous dental inflammation. 1970 Suckling created the DDE index, which determined the characteristics of molar hypomineralisation. In 2001 the term MIH was introduced at the EAPD congress. Its prevalence is high and it is a primary risk factor of caries in childhood. Remineralisation is crucial at white spots and hypomineralised teeth. In 1874 Erhardt discovered that fluoride changed the enamel surface, and started research to examine its anticariogen effect. Systematic fluoridation experiments where initiated by tap water (1945), salt (1955) milk and pills. It was recognised first in 1970 that topical fluoride intake raised fluoride content in the carious lesions as well. In 1977 Fejerskov recognised that the high intake can be toxic to amelogenesis. Other remineralisation methods started to develop, as casein recognised by Schweigert in 1946, casein-phosphopeptid by Reynolds 1987, arginine by Kleinberg 1979, Bioglass by Heinch 2006. Future experiments are needed to develop more effective prevention and/or remineralisation.