A. Lassala, J. Hernández-Cerón, M. Pedernera, E. González-Padilla, C. G. Gutierrez
{"title":"墨西哥小牛管理实践:繁殖和育种","authors":"A. Lassala, J. Hernández-Cerón, M. Pedernera, E. González-Padilla, C. G. Gutierrez","doi":"10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Lassala A, Hernandez-Ceron J, Pedernera M, Gonzalez-Padilla E, Gutierrez CG. Cow-calf management practices in Mexico: Reproduction and breeding. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2020;7(1). doi: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839 . Beef cattle breeding has developed in extensive grazing systems in Mexico, concerning the livelihood of over one million families and affecting the use of natural resources. Reproductive efficiency is a major determinant of both the environmental impact of the herd, and the economic viability of the cow-calf production system. However, as reproductive traits have low heritability, reproductive efficiency can be largely influenced by herd management practices. Thus, a questionnaire was administered as personal interviews to 3280 producers, to investigate the prevalence of practices that could directly influence the reproductive outcome of their cattle. Results show that year-round breeding (93%) and natural service by the bull (97.4%) are the most common mating methods. However, only 41% of producers evaluate the breeding soundness of their bulls, and diagnostic testing for specific reproductive diseases of the sires is barely performed in 20% of the farms. The main declared reason for replacing the bull is old age (26.8%), which is followed by to avoid inbreeding (68.4%). Less than 10% of the operations use methods for the synchronization of the estrous cycle, and most farmers breed their heifers for the first time after 2 years of age (73%). Diagnosis of pregnancy is performed in merely 31% of operations, with 23% of the producers declaring to discard non-pregnant cows. Energy or protein feed supplements are provided to the cattle in 63% of the production units, whilst mineral supplements are given in 79% of the farms. Calves are typically weaned between 6 months and a year of age (85%). Only 16% of operations vaccinate against brucellosis and 17.5% against other reproductive diseases (IBR-DVB-VSR and Leptospirosis). The present study showcases a low frequency of adoption of basic reproductive management practices by cow-calf operations in Mexico. Advancement of these practices, as well as implementation and promotion of associated technologies, denotes an area of opportunity to improve the reproductive efficiency of the national herd.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cow-calf management practices in Mexico: Reproduction and breeding\",\"authors\":\"A. Lassala, J. Hernández-Cerón, M. Pedernera, E. González-Padilla, C. G. Gutierrez\",\"doi\":\"10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Lassala A, Hernandez-Ceron J, Pedernera M, Gonzalez-Padilla E, Gutierrez CG. Cow-calf management practices in Mexico: Reproduction and breeding. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2020;7(1). doi: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839 . Beef cattle breeding has developed in extensive grazing systems in Mexico, concerning the livelihood of over one million families and affecting the use of natural resources. Reproductive efficiency is a major determinant of both the environmental impact of the herd, and the economic viability of the cow-calf production system. However, as reproductive traits have low heritability, reproductive efficiency can be largely influenced by herd management practices. Thus, a questionnaire was administered as personal interviews to 3280 producers, to investigate the prevalence of practices that could directly influence the reproductive outcome of their cattle. Results show that year-round breeding (93%) and natural service by the bull (97.4%) are the most common mating methods. However, only 41% of producers evaluate the breeding soundness of their bulls, and diagnostic testing for specific reproductive diseases of the sires is barely performed in 20% of the farms. The main declared reason for replacing the bull is old age (26.8%), which is followed by to avoid inbreeding (68.4%). Less than 10% of the operations use methods for the synchronization of the estrous cycle, and most farmers breed their heifers for the first time after 2 years of age (73%). Diagnosis of pregnancy is performed in merely 31% of operations, with 23% of the producers declaring to discard non-pregnant cows. Energy or protein feed supplements are provided to the cattle in 63% of the production units, whilst mineral supplements are given in 79% of the farms. Calves are typically weaned between 6 months and a year of age (85%). Only 16% of operations vaccinate against brucellosis and 17.5% against other reproductive diseases (IBR-DVB-VSR and Leptospirosis). The present study showcases a low frequency of adoption of basic reproductive management practices by cow-calf operations in Mexico. 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引用次数: 4
摘要
兽医墨西哥OA ISSN: 2448-6760引用此为:Lassala A, Hernandez-Ceron J, Pedernera M, Gonzalez-Padilla E, Gutierrez CG墨西哥小牛管理实践:繁殖和育种。墨西哥兽医局。2020; 7(1)。Doi: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839。肉牛养殖在墨西哥广泛的放牧系统中得到了发展,关系到100多万家庭的生计,并影响到自然资源的利用。繁殖效率是畜群环境影响和小牛生产系统经济可行性的主要决定因素。然而,由于繁殖性状的遗传力较低,繁殖效率在很大程度上受畜群管理方式的影响。因此,对3280名生产者进行了问卷调查,以调查可能直接影响其牛的繁殖结果的做法的普遍程度。结果表明,全年繁殖(93%)和公牛自然服务(97.4%)是最常见的交配方式。然而,只有41%的生产者评估其公牛的繁殖状况,20%的农场几乎没有对牛的特定生殖疾病进行诊断测试。替换公牛的主要原因是年老(26.8%),其次是避免近亲繁殖(68.4%)。不到10%的养殖户采用了同步发情周期的方法,大多数养殖户(73%)在小母牛2岁后才进行第一次繁殖。只有31%的养殖场进行了怀孕诊断,23%的养殖场宣布丢弃未怀孕的奶牛。63%的生产单位向牛提供能量或蛋白质饲料补充剂,79%的农场提供矿物质补充剂。犊牛通常在6个月至1岁之间断奶(85%)。只有16%的手术接种了预防布鲁氏菌病的疫苗,17.5%的手术接种了预防其他生殖疾病(IBR-DVB-VSR和钩端螺旋体病)的疫苗。本研究表明,墨西哥小牛养殖场采用基本生殖管理做法的频率较低。这些做法的改进以及相关技术的实施和推广是提高国家牛群繁殖效率的一个机会领域。
Cow-calf management practices in Mexico: Reproduction and breeding
Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Lassala A, Hernandez-Ceron J, Pedernera M, Gonzalez-Padilla E, Gutierrez CG. Cow-calf management practices in Mexico: Reproduction and breeding. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2020;7(1). doi: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2020.1.839 . Beef cattle breeding has developed in extensive grazing systems in Mexico, concerning the livelihood of over one million families and affecting the use of natural resources. Reproductive efficiency is a major determinant of both the environmental impact of the herd, and the economic viability of the cow-calf production system. However, as reproductive traits have low heritability, reproductive efficiency can be largely influenced by herd management practices. Thus, a questionnaire was administered as personal interviews to 3280 producers, to investigate the prevalence of practices that could directly influence the reproductive outcome of their cattle. Results show that year-round breeding (93%) and natural service by the bull (97.4%) are the most common mating methods. However, only 41% of producers evaluate the breeding soundness of their bulls, and diagnostic testing for specific reproductive diseases of the sires is barely performed in 20% of the farms. The main declared reason for replacing the bull is old age (26.8%), which is followed by to avoid inbreeding (68.4%). Less than 10% of the operations use methods for the synchronization of the estrous cycle, and most farmers breed their heifers for the first time after 2 years of age (73%). Diagnosis of pregnancy is performed in merely 31% of operations, with 23% of the producers declaring to discard non-pregnant cows. Energy or protein feed supplements are provided to the cattle in 63% of the production units, whilst mineral supplements are given in 79% of the farms. Calves are typically weaned between 6 months and a year of age (85%). Only 16% of operations vaccinate against brucellosis and 17.5% against other reproductive diseases (IBR-DVB-VSR and Leptospirosis). The present study showcases a low frequency of adoption of basic reproductive management practices by cow-calf operations in Mexico. Advancement of these practices, as well as implementation and promotion of associated technologies, denotes an area of opportunity to improve the reproductive efficiency of the national herd.
期刊介绍:
Veterinaria México OA (ISSN 2448-6760) is an online scientific journal edited by Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). The journal is Open Access and follows UNAM''s initiative, to transmit knowledge free of charge to the readership and authors, with no Article Processing Charges.
This journal publishes advances in Veterinary Sciences and Animal Production, and to reach more lectures across the world the journal was updated since 2014 from its predecessor printed in paper Veterinaria México (ISSN 0301-5092) and its digital version (ISSN 2007-5472).