评估个人体力工作能力:来自建筑行业的例子

J. Boschman, H. Molen, J. Sluiter, M. Frings-Dresen
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引用次数: 4

摘要

背景:积极寻找肌肉骨骼疾病和体力劳动能力下降是建筑工人特定职业健康监测计划的关键因素。这项多案例研究的目的是:1)探讨在砖瓦工和监工中进行体能测试的附加价值;2)评估这些测试是否以及如何在问卷调查收集的信息之外,促进对特定工作预防措施的建议。方法:通过问卷调查和体能测试对肌肉骨骼疾患和体力劳动能力下降进行评估。这些测试的设计方式与真实工作环境中的活动非常相似。工作特定的活动进行,个人的工作姿势和工作技术由人体工程学观察。结果:本多个案研究包括对特定职业工人健康监测期间收集的信息进行定性分析。我们包括四名参与者:两名砖瓦工和两名建筑监理。我们发现,在测试过程中收集的信息补充了问卷调查的信息。此外,这些测试似乎在评估肌肉骨骼疾病和体力劳动能力下降以及观察工作姿势和工作技术方面具有附加价值。结论:基于模拟相关工作活动的标准化体能测试对评估和收集建筑工人个人体能工作能力的知识具有附加价值。这些测试为观察任务表现、工作姿势和技术方面的限制提供了机会,并在必要时建议针对特定工作的预防性干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluating Individual Physical Work Ability: Examples from the Construction Industry
Background: Actively searching for musculoskeletal complaints and reduced physical work ability is a key element in a job-specific workers' health surveillance programme for construction workers. The aims of this multiple-case study were 1) to explore the added value of physical performance tests in such a programme among bricklayers and su- pervisors and 2) to assess if and how these tests facilitate the recommendation of job-specific preventive actions in addi- tion to information gathered by questionnaires. Methods: Musculoskeletal complaints and reduced physical work ability were evaluated by means of a questionnaire and physical performance tests. These tests were designed in such a way that they closely resembled activities in the real working situation. Job-specific activities were performed and individual working posture and working technique were ob- served by an ergonomist. Results: The present multiple case study consists of a qualitative analysis of the information gathered during a job-specific workers' health surveillance. We included four participants: two bricklayers and two construction supervisors. We found that the information gathered during the tests supplemented the information from the questionnaire. Furthermore, the tests seemed of added value in the assessment of musculoskeletal complaints and reduced physical work ability and in observ- ing working posture and working technique. Conclusions: Standardised physical performance tests, based on a simulation of relevant job activities, are of added value in evaluating and gathering knowledge about construction workers' individual physical work ability. These tests provide the opportunity to observe restrictions in task performance, working posture and technique and to recommend job-specific preventive interventions when necessary.
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