高功能自闭症青少年的注意网络:fMRI研究

Q4 Medicine
E. Hames, R. Rajmohan, Dan Fang, Ron Anderson, M. Baker, D. Richman, M. O'Boyle
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引用次数: 11

摘要

背景:自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的注意力缺陷经常被注意到,但其具体性质尚不清楚。目的:本研究使用儿童注意网络任务(child attention Network Task,简称ANT)结合功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,简称fMRI)来确定定向注意缺陷是否真的是由定向网络功能障碍引起的。我们假设这些观察结果实际上是执行功能障碍的反映。因此,我们预计,尽管ASD青少年在儿童ANT的定向部分表现较差,但他们与神经典型(NT)对照组之间激活的最大差异将出现在与执行功能相关的区域(例如,额回和前扣带皮层)。方法:记录6名高功能青少年ASD和6名NT青少年在执行儿童ANT的三个子组件时的脑活动。结果:asd在警告方面比nt更准确,在定向方面比nt更准确,在儿童ANT的执行部分准确性相似。fMRI数据显示,在ASD组定向任务期间,双侧额回(通常与执行控制相关的区域)的活动增加。结论:我们认为增加的激活代表了信号固定的神经相关物质,可归因于负责持续维持信号的执行控制子集,而不是定向的主要组成部分。因此,ASD青少年的过度注视可能是由于执行控制功能障碍,而不是注意网络的定向子成分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Attentional Networks in Adolescents with High-functioning Autism: An fMRI Investigation
Background: Attentional deficits in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often noted, but their specific nature remains unclear. Objective: The present study used the child Attentional Network Task (Child ANT) in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine if the consistently cited deficits of orienting attention are truly due to dysfunctions of orienting-based networks. We hypothesized that these observations are, in fact, a reflection of executive dysfunctions. As such, we expected that although ASD adolescents would perform worse on the orienting portion of the Child ANT, the strongest differences in activation between them and the neurotypical (NT) control group would be in areas classically associated with executive functioning (e.g., the frontal gyri and anterior cingulate cortex). Method: The brain activity of six high-functioning adolescents with ASD and six NT adolescents was recorded while these individuals performed the three subcomponents of the Child ANT. Results: ASDs were shown to be more accurate than NTs for the alerting, less accurate for the orienting, and similar in accuracy for the executive portions of the Child ANT. fMRI data showed increased bilateral frontal gyri recruitment, areas conventionally associated with executive control, during the orienting task for the ASD group. Conclusion: We submit that the increased activations represent neurocorrelates of signal fixation attributable to the subset of executive control responsible for sustained maintenance signals, not the main components of orienting. Therefore, excessive fixation in ASD adolescents is likely due to dysfunctions of executive control and not the orienting subcomponent of the attention network.
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来源期刊
Open Neuroimaging Journal
Open Neuroimaging Journal Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: The Open Neuroimaging Journal is an Open Access online journal, which publishes research articles, reviews/mini-reviews, and letters in all important areas of brain function, structure and organization including neuroimaging, neuroradiology, analysis methods, functional MRI acquisition and physics, brain mapping, macroscopic level of brain organization, computational modeling and analysis, structure-function and brain-behavior relationships, anatomy and physiology, psychiatric diseases and disorders of the nervous system, use of imaging to the understanding of brain pathology and brain abnormalities, cognition and aging, social neuroscience, sensorimotor processing, communication and learning.
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