Study and Development of a Multi-band Triangular Patch Antenna for 2.45/5.8 GHz WLAN and Wi-Fi Applications

With the technological expansion in telecommunications and the ongoing scientific research into patch antennas, as well as the many needs in the field of communication, traditional microwave antennas are no longer able to match these requirements. As a result, patch antennas have largely replaced traditional antennas in most applications. This paper descripts the study and design of a multi-bands microstrip triangular array patch antenna covering the Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) bands (802.11a, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n) at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz. This array antenna consists of two triangular patches operating separately on the 2.45, and 5.8 GHz bands; the designed patches are grouped into one array function to operate at multiple resonances (2.47, 4.1, 4.9, and 5.94 GHz) with miniaturized size. The suggested low-cost array antenna is designed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate. The results indicate multiple resonant frequencies defining quad operating band-widths characterized by a return loss less than –10 dB, which are 50 MHz from 2.44 GHz to 2.49 GHz at 2.47 GHz, 100 MHz from 4.05 GHz to 4.15 GHz at 4.1 GHz, 120 MHz from 4.85 to 4.97 GHz at 4.9 GHz, and 240 MHz from 5.78 GHz to 6.02 GHz for 5.94 GHz operation, respectively. The proposed antenna offers excellent performance for Wi-Fi and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. The suggested array antenna model has been performed by using CST MS software.