俄罗斯公务员制度的现代话语:透过行政范式的棱镜的观点

IF 0.2 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-2-34-59

George Borshhevskiy

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中，我们通过基本行政范式——韦伯的理性官僚制、新公共管理(NPM)和善治——的棱镜来审视俄罗斯公务员制度发展的现阶段特征;我们还确定了科学话语、选举政治话语和现代法律话语中的主流范式。我们使用的研究方法有:内容分析、词库分析、文献计量学分析、比较法律分析。我们提出了一些标准，以识别行政范式使用一套同义词典的词，以及比较范式的方法论工具:a)科学文章的国家官僚机构，b)选举计划的俄罗斯政党在改革公务员制度，c)规范性文件包含俄罗斯公务员制度发展的当前阶段的目标。研究结果表明，韦伯范式在法学、管理学和经济学的NPM范式、社会学和政治学的善治范式中占据主导地位，这表明了现代研究的多范式性。在2016年和2021年的议会选举中，所有意识形态的政党都提出了社会正义的要求，这是由于他们的纲领中与善治相对应的论点占主导地位。这一时期对俄罗斯公务员制度发展的规制是在管理模式和韦伯模式的交集下进行的。前者表现在公务员活动的僵化形式化，后者表现在试图使官僚机构高效、紧凑和顺从。与善治(Good Governance)相当的项目措施所占份额的减少，证实了公务员制度的亲密性，这与科学和政治话语中固定的对开放和正义的态度相矛盾。

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MODERN DISCOURSE OF CIVIL SERVICE IN RUSSIA: A VIEW THROUGH THE PRISM OF ADMINISTRATIVE PARADIGMS

In this article we examine the features of the current stage of Russian civil service development through the prism of the basic administrative paradigms – Weberian rational bureaucracy, New Public Management (NPM) and Good Governance; and we identify the prevailing paradigms in scientific discourse, electoral political discourse and modern legal discourse. We use such research methods as follows: content analysis, thesaurus analysis, bibliometric analysis of publications, comparative legal analysis. We propose some criteria for identifying administrative paradigms using a set of thesaurus words, as well as methodological tools for comparing with paradigms: a) scientific articles on state bureaucracy, b) election programs of Russian political parties in terms of reforming the civil service, c) regulatory documents containing the goals of the current stage of the Russian civil service development. As a result of the study, we have found that the Weberian paradigm dominates in scientific publications on law, NPM paradigm – on management and economics, Good Governance paradigm – on sociology and political science, which indicates the multiparadigmality of modern research. During the 2016 and 2021 parliamentary election campaigns, political parties of the entire ideological spectrum worked out a request for social justice, which was due to the predominance of theses in their programs corresponding to Good Governance. Regulation of the Russian civil service development in the period is carried out at the intersection of managerial and Weberian models. The first is manifested in the rigid formalization of the civil servants’ activities, and the second – in attempts to make the bureaucracy efficient, compact and complaisant. The preservation of the civil service’ closeness is confirmed by a decrease in the share of program measures equivalent to Good Governance, which contradicts the attitude towards openness and justice, fixed in scientific and political discourse.

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来源期刊

Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION-

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

33.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ISSUES is a scientific peer-reviewed journal published by the National Research University High School of Economics (NRU HSE).The journal is published quarterly in Russian, and contains original articles by Russian and foreign authors. In addition, a special English language issue containing original articles by Russian and foreign authors has been published since 2014. The editorial board consists of leading Russian and foreign scientists in the field of public administration as well as prominent practitioners. The journal is indexed in the international databases: Scopus, RePEc, EBSCOand the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) on the platform of Web of Science. In addition, the journal is on the list of key peer-reviewed scientific journals and publications that the Higher Certification (Attestation) Commission in the RF Education Ministry recommends for publishing the main scientific results of theses for PhD and doctoral degrees in Economics, Sociology and Law. The journal focuses on the following subject areas: − Current theories of public administration. − Theoretical fundamentals of economic and social policy − Factors and Assessment of efficiency in public and municipal administration. − Innovations in the system of public and municipal administration. − Planning and forecasting in the system of public and municipal administration. − Staff of the state and municipal service. Management of personnel in public and municipal bodies and in organizations of the public sectors. − Financial, logistical and information resources of the state and municipalities. − Public service. − Functional features of public sector organizations. − Partnership of the state and municipalities with nongovernmental nonprofit organizations. Economic and administrative challenges facing “third sector.” - Development of education programs on public administration.