Dietary control of low-grade chronic inflammation by correcting gut microbiota

This review focuses on the interaction between the microbiota and macroorganism in conditions of biological equilibrium, which is the basis of maintaining human homeostasis in general. Low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) is realized within this interaction in dysbiosis of various genesis. Bacterial endotoxins are normally the final effectors of LGCI, which are involved in the maturation of the immune system’s components, further determining its ability to neutralize and eliminate pathogens. However, altered intestinal permeability with subsequent microbial translocation to unrelated epitopes may cause LGCI. The review presents several possible options for affecting the gut microbiota and thus LGCI: through the use of probiotics, prebiotics, restrictive diets, and fermented probiotic food products. Key words: diet, probiotics, prebiotics, gut microbiota, low-grade chronic inflammation